Skin mycoses

Description:

All mycoses of skin call Tinea (fungus diseases of skin and cutting deprive) with the indication of the place of emergence of the centers of damage of skin (for example, mycosis of smooth skin, mycosis of skin of a pilar part of the head, mycosis of skin of area of a beard, mycosis of skin of brushes, mycosis of feet and so on).
Such classification is explained by clinic of mycoses of skin. It is quite same though it has a part of features depending on that, or other fungus, the place of its implementation and the area of an affected area of skin, immunity of the person.

Symptoms of Mycoses of skin:

The symptomatology of diseases is caused by defeat localization.
Allocate forms of mycoses of skin:

    * mycosis of a pilar part of the head,
    * mycosis of smooth head skin,
    * mycosis of folds of skin,
    * mycosis of hands and legs,
    * mycosis of nails of hands and legs.

Reasons of Mycoses of skin:

Dermatofitiya – the mycoses caused by a pathogenic fungi affect skin (usually within epidermis) and its appendages: hair and nails. These mushrooms which are usually called by dermatophytes belong to the sorts Trichophyton, Microsporum and Epidermophyton. These microorganisms cannot use for the food carbon dioxide from air and therefore need ready organic matters. As optimum nutritious substrate for these mushrooms serves the keratin which in large numbers contains in a corneous layer of skin and its appendages. One types of dermatophytes can parasitize only on the person, others – on the person and animals. In this regard distinguish respectively anthropophilous and zoophilous mushrooms. In the presents time is described about 500 types of a pathogenic fungi – causative agents of diseases of skin and its appendages (hair and nails).

Treatment of Mycoses of skin:

The modern principles of treatment of dermatofitiya have to be directed to the fastest removal of a causative factor – a pathogenic mushroom from the struck zones of skin and nails, and also, whenever possible, elimination of the contributing factors (the increased perspiration, traumatization, associated diseases, etc.). Now there is a large number of means and methods of treatment of fungus diseases. However only causal treatment – only effective approach to treatment of mycoses. It can be carried out outwardly when antifungal drug is applied on an affected area of an integument or a nail plate, and also is system when drug is appointed inside.

System therapy is appointed at damage of nails, hair, and also extensive sites of skin at the states close to a partial or full erythrosis. System therapy provides penetration and accumulation of antimycotics in horn substances through blood. System drugs collect in places of dislocation of a fungal infection in the concentration much surpassing the minimum overwhelming concentration growth of a mushroom and are capable to remain there after the end of administration of drug. In modern medical practice drugs are widely used: griseofulvin – generally in children's practice, as the safest; тербинафин (lamizit); кетоконазол (nizorat); итраконазол (orungat). The choice of drug is defined first of all by a type of a fungal infection (if the type of a pathogen is not established, appoint drug of a broad spectrum of activity). Important criteria are localization, prevalence, and disease severity. Use of system antimycotics is accompanied by risk of development toxic and the by-effects connected with long months-long administration of drug. Very essential criterion of the choice is safety of treatment, i.e. minimizing of risk of development of side and toxic effects. Therefore to pregnant women and nursing mothers, and also the persons having associated diseases of a liver and kidneys, displays of a medicinal allergy system therapies it is not shown.

Topical treatment is an integral part of therapy of any fungus disease. Outside antifungal drugs contain very high concentration of active ingredients against causative agents of mycoses which are created on a surface of the centers of defeat where the most viable mushrooms are located. At topical treatment development of side reactions even is seldom observed at prolonged use of antimycotics. Prescription of outside therapy is not limited by the accompanying somatic pathology, age of the patient, possible development of interreaktion at a concomitant use of other medicines. In most cases local antimycotics possess a wide range not only anti-fungal, but also antimicrobic and antiinflammatory action that has very essential value as the bacterial flora very often accompanies fungal and complicates the course of mycosis. Now in an arsenal of practical doctors there is a wide choice of antifungal drugs of local action in the form of solutions, creams, ointments, powders. The officinal preparations used generally in the form of creams and solutions use the greatest demand: Clotrimazolum, кетоконазол, тербинафин, бифоназол, оксиконазол, Miconazolum, эконазол (Экодакс). Practically each of the listed drugs has high activity to the majority of types of causative agents of mycoses, and the concentration of antifungal means created on a surface of the center of defeat is sufficient for suppression of life activity of all mushrooms activators. However considering that treatment has to be carried out it is rather long (within 3–4 weeks) in the mode of 2-fold use in days, important criterion of the choice is the cost and, therefore, availability of medicine to the patient. In particular, эконазол (Экодакс) possesses a wide range of antifungal activity, high performance at treatment of dermatofitiya of skin and it is available at the price. According to the research conducted by E. A. Batkayev and I. M. Korsunska at department of a dermatovenereology of RMAPO at 22 sick mycoses of feet and smooth skin use of 1% of cream of Ekodaks within three weeks led to clinical and etiological treatment at all patients. Only at one patient of this group small strengthening of an itch and a hyperemia which independently regressed in the course of treatment was noted in an initiation of treatment. Use of 1% of cream of Ekodaks at 11 children with a microsporia of smooth skin (from them at 8 with the centers on a pilar part of the head) which in parallel with topical treatment applied griseofulvin in age dosages, after three-week treatment was succeeded to achieve kliniko-mycologic treatment from all patients. Side reactions were not noted in one case.