Skin candidiasis
Contents:
see also:
Description:
Skin candidiasis — the superficial infection gravitating to wet sites of skin.
Synonyms: candidosis cutis, candidiasis, barmy mycosis, moniliasis.
Skin Candidiasis symptoms:
Numerous clinical options of barmy defeats divide into candidiases superficial (candidiasis of smooth skin and mucous membranes, candidosis onychias and paronychias) and system, or visceral. Some authors consider chronic generalized (granulematozny) candidiasis an intermediate form between superficial and visceral candidiasis. Kandidamikida - secondary allergic rashes are separately allocated.
Superficial candidiasis includes damage of smooth skin, mucous membranes, onychias and paronychias. The disease of smooth skin begins more often with defeat of large folds (intertriginozny candidiasis) where in the beginning the erythematic and edematous centers with vesicles, seropapula, pustules, erosion with moknutiy form. Sites of defeat have the accurate festonchatoobrazny edges bordered with the subdug nimbus of the exfoliating epidermis. A surface of erosion smooth, brilliant, places matserirovanny with a whitish plaque. Separately located, limited edematous and erythematic spots, seropapula, vesicles, pustules are disseminated through the periphery of the main centers as a result of an autoinokuyayation. At distribution of an inflammation from large folds on adjacent sites there is candidiasis of smooth skin. Allocate erythematic and vesicular versions. Dominance of the erythematic and edematous centers stagnant ливидной colourings with erosive sites, moknutiy is characteristic of an erythematic form. Existence of the prevailing quantity серопапул, vesicles, bubbles, pustules against the background of the edematous and erythematic, inflamed skin is peculiar to a vesicular kind of candidiasis.
Interdigital barmy erosion in the field of brushes and feet are observed at the children school students and adults working at garden sites. In the conditions of confectionery productions or the brushes or feet having contact with vegetables and fruit pleated between III and IV or IV and V fingers have maceration centers with edematous and congestive hyperemic skin bordered with the subdug exfoliated epidermis rim. On the periphery of the main center eliminations in a look серопапул and vesicles are observed.
Barmy paronychias and onychias arise more often in combination with damage of smooth skin or mucous membranes, but also the isolated defeat is possible. Paronikhni are characterized by hypostasis, infiltration, a hyperemia of rollers of a nail, lack of a nadnoggevy thin skin (эпонихиум). At the same time the periungual roller as if approaches the surface of a nail. Quite often naronikhiya and onychias exist at the same time. Implementation of mushrooms happens from side sites, the okolonoggevy roller therefore the free edge of a nail remains not struck. Side edges of a nail are deformed: they are as if cut off. The surface of a nail is also deformed, has unequal thickness. In an acute stage of a disease process is followed by morbidity, sometimes an itch.
Skin Candidiasis reasons:
Drozhzhepodobny mushrooms of the sort Candida (or Monilia) belong to imperfect mushrooms - deyteromitseta (anaskosiorovy) - and represent an independent sort. The most widespread among patients is S.'s type of albicans.
Drozhzhepodobny mushrooms of a type of Candida albicans - one-celled microorganisms of rather big size, the oval, roundish, sometimes ovate-extended form. They form a pseudo-mycelium (threads of the extended cells), blastospor (the kidney cell sitting on pseudo-mycelium banners) and some chlamydospores - disputes with a double cover. The main signs distinguishing sort Candida mushrooms from true yeast is the following: existence of a pseudo-mycelium, lack of ascospores (a dispute in bags in cells) and characteristic biochemical properties inherent to them.
All factors promoting activation of virulence of opportunistic mushrooms of the sort Candida can be divided into three groups:
1. the environment factors (exogenous) promoting penetration of mushrooms into an organism;
2. the internal causes causing decrease in resilience of a microorganism;
3. the virulent properties of mushrooms activators providing their pathogenicity.
It is necessary to distinguish the temperature conditions promoting sweating and maceration of skin, impact on skin and mucous membranes of professional vrednost (acids, alkalis, cement, solvents), the increased content in air a dispute of mushrooms in the conditions of confectionery productions, hydrolytic protein synthesis productions from adverse factors of the environment; skin injuries, especially on canning productions where raw materials are inseminated by these mushrooms; irrational hygienic mode.
To the groups of the population subject to candidiasis, workers of the confectionery and canning industry at whom take place maceration of skin sugary substances and fruit juice, influence of oxalic, apple, lemon, milk acids and alkalis, the fruit essences leading to injuries and maceration of skin, virulence of the yeast which is on good, a medium (at workers of baths, swimming baths, pools, washerwomen of the food block), maceration of skin at housewives, maceration and effect of syrups at sellers belong.
Internal causes are even more numerous. Into the forefront exchange diseases (a diabetes mellitus, disproteinemias, ulcer colitis, dysbacteriosis, obesity), chronic infectious processes, diseases of system of blood, a new growth, a leprosy, a myxedema, a thyrotoxicosis, Itsenko-Cushing's disease, vegetodistoniya with the increased perspiration, avitaminosis act. At children of the first year of life the significant role in a pathogeny of candidiasis belongs to decrease of the activity of a serumal fungistaza of blood which oppresses life activity of barmy flora, and also physiological insufficiency of salivation and reduced antibarmy activity of a lysozyme of saliva. Development of candidiasis in children of the first year of life is promoted by frequent vomiting with throwing of acid contents of a stomach in an oral cavity that creates a favorable environment for growth of mushrooms of the sort Candida.
Treatment of Candidiasis of skin:
Indispensable condition of successful treatment of candidiasis of skin is action at the same time in three directions. First of all it is necessary to eliminate a contagium from integuments. For this purpose use anti-mycotic and antiseptic agents. They are appointed by the dermatologist after holding the relevant diagnostic activities. These are aqueous and spirit solutions of aniline dyes — methylene blue, diamond greens, and also Castellani's liquid, ointments with boric acid, solutions of resorcin, silver nitrate, Rivanolum, any antifungalny means widely of an action spectrum.
Fukortsin is especially effective at formation of erosion, corticosteroid ointments can be used within a short period of time. One of advantages of antiseptic agents and the combined drugs is elimination of a pathogenic bacterial flora which quite often provokes development of an inflammation in the centers of a fungal infection. Outside means apply on integuments before total disappearance of symptoms plus of 5 - 7 more days. At defeat of nail rollers trays with hydrosodium carbonate, potassium permanganate, boric acid, and also procedures of an electrophoresis with zinc sulfate and copper are useful. After stopping of inflammatory process pass to antifungalny ointments.
The second direction in treatment of candidiasis of skin is elimination of the intestinal or urinogenital center of a fungal infection. For this purpose appoint medicines for intake, candles, syringings of a vagina. System therapy allows to destroy the activator in all body tissues. For this purpose use флуконазол, итраконазол, кетоконазол. Duration of reception makes 7 — 14 days. Expediency of use of system antimycotics is defined by a form and disease severity, the state of health of the patient, existence of contraindications, efficiency of the local means used earlier.
The third direction in complex treatment assumes elimination of the contributing factors — chronic diseases and adverse external effects. For example, candidiasis of skin folds often arises against the background of a diabetes mellitus. Prevention includes observance of rules of personal hygiene and the maintenance of its surface in a dry state. At children of chest age use of special powder, lotions, pastes is reasonable. Drawing on skin of local antiseptic drugs will help to prevent secondary infection.
