Kapilyarioz of intestines
Contents:
Description:
Kapillyarioz of intestines is the helminthosis of the person caused by Capillaria philippiensis nematodes. Kapillyariya were for the first time found in 1963 in the seriously ill patient on Philippines. The invasion is shown by not stopped diarrhea with a high rate of mortality. Clinical studying showed existence of a heavy protein-losing enteropathy and disturbance of absorption of fats and carbohydrates.
Kapilyarioz's symptoms of intestines:
At the beginning of a disease abdominal murmur and recurrent not clear abdominal pains, then, usually in 2-3 weeks appear, plentiful watery diarrhea begins. Other symptoms corresponding to the main pathophysiological processes is a lack of appetite, vomiting, loss of weight, an atrophy of muscles and weakness, a hyporeflexia and hypostases. Morbidity and tension of a stomach can take place. The period between the beginning of manifestation of symptoms and the death of the patient usually lasts for 2-3 months. The subclinical current of an invasion was not observed.
Kapilyarioz's reasons intestines:
Kapillyariya are nematodes of the family Trichuroidea, Capillaria philippinensis and are very close to representatives of the same group of helminths - to threadworms and trichinellas. Adult kapillyariya - small parasites from 2 to 4 mm long. Eggs have the peanut form with flat bipolar traffic jams; their sizes on average 42-20 microns. Adult parasites live in a mucous membrane of a small intestine, is especially frequent in a jejunum. Adult helminths, larval forms and eggs find in excrements.
The infested person is noncontagious. Natural susceptibility of people, apparently, high. The incubation interval lasts month or more.
The disease was revealed almost only at the persons living along the northern and western coast of the island of Luzon, Philippines. It was reported also about several cases in Thailand. Since 1966 the disease took epidemic form, and more than 2000 cases and 100 lethal outcomes were registered. Men caught more often than women, perhaps, because of their professional works. Before discovery of effective chemotherapeutic drugs rate of mortality in the absence of treatment reached 30%; with introduction of chemotherapy it was lowered to 6%.
The way of transfer and life cycle of helminth are up to the end not studied. Larvae of the I stage of development were found in some species of fresh-water fishes. When these fishes or larvae are eaten by sandworts, helminths develop to adulthood in an intestines gleam. Adult individuals quickly begin to produce new larvae which ripen to adult parasites of the second generation. The majority of females of this generation produce eggs, the last get to excrements of sandworts. Some females, however, otrozhdat larvae that leads to emergence of other generation of adult parasites in intestines. Eggs have to ripen, apparently, in fresh water before they are swallowed by fishes. Natural infection of others. mammals, except the person, it was not established, however birds and rats can be infected experimentally. Existence of a large amount of adult helminths, lichinkorodyashchy females, the developed eggs and all larval stages in intestines of the person allows to conclude that the parasitic cycle at sandworts and the person is identical. Mechanisms by means of which there is infection of people remain not specified. However it is known that many lagunny fishes infected under natural conditions, in particular Hypselotris bipartita, Luzon's population uses in the raw.
Kapilyarioz's treatment intestines:
Use of Mebendazolum is combined with administration of liquids and electrolytes that leads to improvement of a condition of the patient: It is necessary to appoint 400 mg of drug the day divided into several receptions for 20 days for prevention of a recurrence.
