Zolfin

General characteristics. Structure:

Active agent: cefazolin of 500 mg; 1 g.

Pharmacological properties:

Tsefalosporinovy antibiotic of the I generation of a broad spectrum of activity. Has bactericidal effect.
It is active concerning gram-positive bacteria: Staphylococcus spp. (the strains which are producing and not producing a penicillinase), Streptococcus spp. (including Streptococcus pneumoniae), Corynebacterium diphtheriae, Bacillus anthracis; gram-negative bacteria: Neisseria meningitidis, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Shigella spp., Salmonella spp., Escherichia coli, Klebsiella spp.
Leptospira spp is active also concerning Spirochaetoceae.
The indole - positive strains of Proteus spp is inactive concerning Pseudomonas aeruginosa., Mycobacterium tuberculosis, anaerobic bacteria.

Pharmacokinetics. Cefazolin is badly soaked up from a GIT and therefore it is applied in oil or in / century. After introduction in oil in a dose of 500 mg of Cmax in plasma it is reached in 1-2 h makes 30 mkg/ml.
Linkng with proteins of plasma makes about 85%.
Cefazolin gets into a bone tissue, into ascitic liquid, pleural and synovial liquids, but is not defined in TsNS.
Cefazolin T1/2 makes about 1.8 h of plasma.
Cefazolin is removed with urine in not changed look, mainly, by glomerular filtering and in small degree - by canalicular secretion. After introduction in oil, at least, 80% of a dose after introduction in oil are removed in 24 h. After introduction in oil in doses of 500 mg and 1 g of Cmax in urine makes respectively 1 mg/ml and 4 mg/ml.
There are data on high concentration of cefazolin in bile though it is removed this way in a small amount.
T1/2 from plasma increases at patients with renal failures.

Indications to use:

The infectious and inflammatory diseases caused by microorganisms, sensitive to cefazolin, including diseases of upper and lower parts of respiratory tracts, urinary and biliary tract, bodies of a small pelvis, skin and soft tissues, bones and joints, endocarditis, sepsis, peritonitis, average otitis, osteomyelitis, mastitis, wound, burn and postoperative fevers, syphilis, gonorrhea.

Route of administration and doses:

Establish individually, taking into account weight of a current and localization of an infection, sensitivity of the activator.
Enter in oil or in/in (struyno or kapelno). The average daily dose for adults makes 1 g, introduction frequency - 2-4 times/days.
For prevention of a postoperative infection enter in a dose 1 g in 30 min. prior to operation, 0.5-1 g during operation and on 0.5-1 g each 6-8 h within a day after operation.
Maximum dose: 6 g/days.
For children the average daily dose makes 20-40 mg/kg; at the heavy course of infections the dose can be increased to 100 mg/kg/days. Duration of treatment makes 7-10 days.

Features of use:

With care apply at renal failures.
At patients with hypersensitivity to penicillin allergic reactions to tsefalosporinovy antibiotics are possible.
During treatment false positive reaction of urine to sugar is possible.
Cefazolin is removed at a hemodialysis.

Side effects:

From the alimentary system: nausea, vomiting, diarrhea are possible; seldom - tranzitorny increase in activity of hepatic transaminases.
Allergic reactions: urticaria, a skin itch, an eosinophilia, fever are possible; in isolated cases - a Quincke's edema, arthralgias, an acute anaphylaxis.
The effects caused by chemotherapeutic action: candidiasis, pseudomembranous colitis.
From system of a hemopoiesis: seldom - a reversible leukopenia, a neutropenia, thrombocytopenia.
From an urinary system: seldom - a renal failure.
Local reactions: morbidity in the place in oil of an injection is possible.

Interaction with other medicines:

At simultaneous use to "loopback" diuretics there is a blockade of canalicular secretion of cefazolin (such combination is not recommended).
Cefazolin can cause disulfiramopodobny reactions at simultaneous use with ethanol.
Probenetsid breaks cefazolin excretion.

Contraindications:

Children's age up to 1 month, hypersensitivity to cephalosporins.

Use at pregnancy and feeding by a breast
Gets through a placental barrier.
In breast milk low concentration of cefazolin are defined.
Use at pregnancy and in the period of a lactation is justified only when the expected advantage for mother exceeds potential risk for a fruit or the child.

Use at renal failures
With care apply at renal failures.

Use for children
It is contraindicated at children's age up to 1 month.
Use for children is more senior 1 month perhaps according to the dosing mode.

Overdose:

It is not described.

Storage conditions:

List B. In the place protected from light at a temperature not above 25 °C.

Issue conditions:

According to the recipe

Packaging:

Powder for пригот. solution for инъекц. 500 mg; 1 g: фл. 1 pieces.