Hantavirusny infection

Description:

The Hantavirusny infection is the pneumonia and hemorrhagic fevers caused by viruses of the family Hantavirus of the Bunyaviridae family. At present a sort Hangtaang, the Oak grove includes viruses, Puumala, Seol (causative agents of hemorrhagic fevers with a renal syndrome), Hill Avenue, Muerto's canyon and hemorrhagic fever with a renal syndrome - all of them cause zoonotic endemic natural and focal arboviral diseases in the person. There are essential differences in the shitamma causing damages in Europe and Asia from strains of the hantavirus causing pneumonia in the USA.

Symptoms of the Hantavirusny infection:

The incubation interval at infection with a hantavirusny infection makes from 7 to 45 days.
Symptoms of a disease develop sharply. High temperature (39-40 °C), fever, mialgiya, a hyperemia of mucous membranes, scleras are characteristic. From 3-4 days intoxication phenomena (usually repeated vomiting) and a hemorrhagic syndrome (pyatnistopapulyozny rash, internal bleedings) join. The urinary system is surprised, the oliguria develops, in hard cases the anury is possible.
The often pulmonariest diseases also known as a disease of four corners, register in the USA.

Reasons of the Hantavirusny infection:

Tank of hantavirus rodents are (the activator is allocated from saliva, urine and excrements); the asymptomatic carriage or an epizooty are possible. The main tanks of causative agents of hemorrhagic fevers - a red vole, a field mouse, gray and black rats; pulmonary defeats - presumably belonogy hamsters (Peromyscus maniculatys) and cotton rats (Sigmodon hyspidus). Fevers are eurysynusic in forest areas; pulmonary defeats - in the steppe endemic regions of the USA. The person gets sick in direct contact with the polluted objects, at the use of the polluted products or inhalation of viruses.
Infection mechanism: alimentary (swallowing the infected water or food), aerogenic, contact (contact with rodents [through excrements or a sting] and the person), transmissible (mosquitoes, fleas or arthropods).
From 14 known hantavirus 4 look are causative agents of hemorrhagic fever with a renal syndrome (GLPS) in Europe, Asia and Africa and 6 types — activators of the hantavirusny pulmonary syndrome (HPS) in the countries of America.

Hantavirusa are spherical particles with a diameter of 90-110 nanometers, have the lipidic cover containing glycoproteins (Gl, G2), and the nucleocapsid concluding one-spiral RNA. Viruses are inactivated within half an hour when heating to 50 °C, remain at a refrigerator temperature during the 12th hour, collapse many disinfectants. Unlike other bunyavirus of a hantavirusa not pathogens for laboratory animals, are hardly cultivated on cellular lines of vertebrate animals.

Treatment of the Hantavirusny infection:

At treatment of hemorrhagic fever of Pprovodyat symptomatic and pathogenetic treatment - compensation of losses of liquid (it is necessary to carry out carefully because of a possible overhydratation), dopamine or adrenaline at arterial hypotension. Forecast, as a rule, favorable.
Treatment of pneumonia symptomatic and pathogenetic (carry out prevention of bacterial superinfections) - oxygenation, observation of functions of vitals, stabilization of a hemodynamics. Anti-virus therapy is carried out ribaviriny. The forecast of diseases rather adverse, a lethality at this form of a hantavirusny infection reaches 60%.