Loperamide

General characteristics. Structure:

Active agent of loperamide a hydrochloride — 2,0 mg.

Excipients: lactose (sugar milk) - 106,0 mg, starch corn - 26,0 mg, stearic acid - 1,0 mg, povidone (polyvinylpirrolidone) - 5,0 mg.

Pharmacological properties:

Reduces a tone and motility of smooth muscles of intestines, slows down an intestines contents passage, reduces release of liquid and electrolytes with excrements. Raises a tone of a proctal sphincter. Action comes quickly and 4-6 hours proceed.

Pharmacokinetics. Absorption — 40%. Communication with proteins of plasma — 97%. An elimination half-life — 9-14 h. Does not get through a blood-brain barrier. It is almost completely metabolized in a liver by conjugation. It is removed preferential with bile and kidneys.

Indications to use:

Symptomatic treatment of acute and chronic diarrhea of various genesis (allergic, emotional, medicinal, beam; at change of a diet and qualitative structure of food, at disturbance of metabolism and absorption; as supportive application at diarrhea of infectious genesis).
Regulation of a chair at patients from ileostomy.

Route of administration and doses:

Inside. Adult at acute and chronic diarrhea originally appoint 2 tablets (0,004 g), then on 1 tablet (0,002 g) after each act of defecation in case of a liquid chair. The maximum daily dose — 8 tablets (0,016 g).
To children 6 years are more senior appoint on 1 tablet (0,002 g) after each act of defecation in case of a liquid chair. The maximum daily dose — 3 tablets (0,006 g).
After normalization of a chair or in the absence of a chair more than 12 hours treatment by Loperamide should be stopped.

Features of use:

In the absence of effect after 2 days of use of Loperamide it is necessary to specify the diagnosis and to exclude infectious genesis of diarrhea. If at treatment locks or abdominal distention develop, loperamide should be cancelled. At patients with an abnormal liver function careful control of signs of toxic damage of the central nervous system is necessary. During treatment of diarrhea it is necessary to make up for loss of liquid and electrolytes.
During treatment it is necessary to be careful when driving motor transport and occupations other potentially dangerous types of activity demanding the increased concentration of attention.

Side effects:

Headache, gastralgia, dryness in a mouth, allergic reactions (skin rash), drowsiness or sleeplessness, dizziness, intestinal colic, nausea, vomiting, a lock. Seldom — an ischuria. Extremely seldom — intestinal impassability.

Interaction with other medicines:

There are no data.

Contraindications:

Hypersensitivity to drug, a divertuculosis, intestinal impassability, ulcer colitis in an aggravation stage, diarrhea against the background of an acute pseudomembranous coloenteritis, dysentery and other infections of digestive tract; pregnancy (the I trimester), the lactation period, loperamide in tablets are not appointed to children up to 6 years.

With CARE — a liver failure.

Overdose:

Symptoms: oppression of the central nervous system (stupor, lack of coordination, drowsiness, miosis, muscular hypertension, respiratory depression), intestinal impassability. Treatment: an antidote — Naloxonum; considering that duration of effect of loperamide is more, than at Naloxonum, perhaps repeated introduction of the last.
Symptomatic treatment: absorbent carbon, gastric lavage, artificial ventilation of the lungs. Medical observation, at least, within 48 hours is necessary.

 

Storage conditions:

List B. To store in the dry, protected from light place at a temperature not above 25 °C. To store in the place, unavailable to children.

Issue conditions:

According to the recipe

Packaging:

Tablets of 2 mg.
On 10 tablets in a blister strip packaging from a film of the polyvinyl chloride and printing aluminum foil varnished.
On 10, 20, 30, 40, 50 or 100 tablets in a container polymeric for medicines.
One container or 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 8 or 10 blister strip packagings together with the application instruction place in a pack from a cardboard.