Coloboma

Description:

Coloboma - focal lack (slit-like defect) of this or that cover of an eye.

Coloboma symptoms:

Horioidalyiy colobomas - colobomas of an idiovascular cover - a horiondsa are continuation of the coloboma of the iris, a tsilnarpy body extending lengthways a germinal crack to an optic disk and involving in defect as хориоитею and a retina therefore such colobomas are called horioretnialpy in the field of a coloboma the sclera is thinned or thickened, vascular layers of a horioitea can be absent a polyawn or partially, is not observed and the pigmental epithelium of a retina from a vitreous area of a coloboma can be covered a gublikatury retina in which the upper leaf has the return order of layers (an inveptirovapny retina). The atrophy, a gliosis, a displachiya of the covering retina are possible. In the regions of a coloboma - a hyperplasia pigmental) an epithelium.

In certain cases horioretiialyiy colobomas call ektatnchesky as in places of the thinned sclera protrusions of a wall of an eye are formed, to стигающис sometimes the considerable sizes, In such cases eyes are intermediate structural education between ektetichesky both colobomas and cysts of an eye-socket. Such colobomas are covered глиалыю by the changed retina.

Coloboma of an optic disk - defect in the form of the crateriform deepening in the center or on the periphery of a disk, touching only the nerve, its covers or covers and a nerve. Defect of a nerve is followed by expansion of a scleral ring and shift of a trellised plate. On site disk tkaiya - гипоплазированнак the retina with the vitreous artery remains, is noted implementation of a retina in a trunk of an optic nerve. Defect is more often combined with horioretinalpy colobomas, персистенннен primary vitreous, a microphthalmia.

The defects of covers of an eye which are located out of a germinal crack are called atypical colobomas. Genesis of atypical colobomas is unknown, their communication with incorrectly located or additional germinal a crack is supposed. The most frequent localization of atypical colobomas - an iris (1:6000), and also an optic disk, area of a macula lutea.

Kolobomatozny cyst (retinalygy orbital cyst) - a peculiar appendage of an eye in the form of the cyst which is located in an orbit in the field of the former germinal crack of an eyecup. The kolobomatozny cyst differs from an inborn cyst of an eye in a pathogeny and a structure. In particular, the outside wall of a kolobomatozny cyst is continuation of a sclera, the internal wall is presented by an undifferentiated retina. The cystous cavity is reported with subretinal space. Kolobomatozny cysts can reach the considerable sizes, at the same time eyes is, as a rule, vicious is developed (a microphthalmia or an incomplete anophthalmia).

Coloboma reasons:

Distinguish typical and atypical colobomas. Typical colobomas are located in the area of a smykaniye of a germinal crack and are a consequence of its persistirovaniye. They can be isolated (colobomas of an iris, a ciliary body, an optic nerve) or combined, the "getting" colobomas i.e. covering all area of the former germinal crack and involving everything eye covers the Most frequent - the typical colobomas of an iris representing the partial or extending from pupillary edge to an iris root slit-like defect which is located in the bottom of a pupil having the pear-shaped form Are possible. They can arise sporadic or be inherited on auto-somno-dominatnomu to type. Ciliary body colobomas - the defect of an otrostchaty part of a niliarny body executed by connecting fabric rich with vessels it is frequent with inclusion of a hyaline cartilage as it is observed at a trisomy of 13 V edges of a coloboma - a hyperplasia of shoots of an iiliarny body.

Treatment of the Coloboma:

Carry out a symptomatic treatment.