Niacin
Producer: JSC Himfarm Republic of Kazakhstan
Code of automatic telephone exchange: C10AD02
Release form: Liquid dosage forms. Solution for injections.
General characteristics. Structure:
Active agent - niacin of 10 mg.
Excipients: Natrii hydrocarbonas, water for injections.
Pharmacological properties:
Pharmacokinetics. Niacin is quickly soaked up at parenteral administration. It is evenly distributed on bodies and fabrics. It is inactivated, mainly, by methylation less by a konjyugirovaniye. It biotransformirutsya partially in a liver with formation of N-metilnikotinamida, metilpiridonkarboksamid, a glucuronide and complex with glycine. An elimination half-life (T1/2) - 45 minutes. It is brought out of an organism by kidneys in not changed form and in the form of metabolites. The renal clearance depends on concentration of niacin in a blood plasma and can decrease at its high concentration in plasma.
Pharmacodynamics. On a structure niacin is close to niacinamide.
Niacin and its amide play an essential role in life activity of an organism: they are prosthetic groups of enzymes - co-dehydrases I (a diphosphopyridine nucleotide - OVER) and the co-dehydrases II (a trifosfopiridinnukleotida - NADF) which are hydrogen carriers and carrying out oxidation-reduction processes. Co-dehydrase II participates also in phosphate transfer.
Niacin fills shortage of PP vitamin, has vasodilating effect. Participates in regulation of tissue respiration, carbohydrate and a lipometabolism, has detoksitsiruyushchy and hypoglycemic activity, reduces the general level of cholesterol, lipoproteids of low density (especially triglycerides), expands vessels.
Indications to use:
- prevention and treatment of a pellagra (RR avitaminosis).
As a part of complex therapy: diseases of vessels of extremities, vasospasms of extremities, zhelche-and urinary tract, neuritis of a facial nerve, ischemic stroke.
Route of administration and doses:
Niacin is entered the adult subcutaneously, intramusculary or intravenously slowly.
Hypodermic and intramuscular introductions are painful.
At a pellagra parenterally enter 1% solution on 1 ml 1-2 times a day within 10-15 days.
At an ischemic stroke enter intravenously (slowly) 1 ml of 1% of solution.
At other indications the recommended dose - on 1 ml once a day. Duration of a course of treatment, on average, 10-15 days.
The highest doses for adults: one-time - 100 mg, daily - 300 mg.
Features of use:
Before drug use you have to consult with the doctor.
With care appoint at hyperacid gastritis, glaucoma, bleeding, a liver failure, arterial hypotonia.
At prolonged use of niacin in high doses development of fatty infiltration of a liver is possible.
Considering side effects of medicine, it is necessary to be careful at control of motor transport and moving mechanisms.
Side effects:
- a hyperemia of the person and an upper half of a trunk with feeling of a pricking and burning (at persons with hypersensitivity)
- dizziness, feeling of rush of blood to the head
- orthostatic hypotonia (at bystry intravenous administration and at hypersensitivity).
At prolonged use of high doses:
- anorexia, vomiting, diarrhea
- abnormal liver function, including fatty dystrophy of a liver
- decrease in tolerance to glucose
- tranzitorny increase in activity of aspartate aminotransferase, laktatadegidrogenaza, alkaline phosphatase
- irritation of a mucous membrane of digestive tract.
At bystry intravenous administration – a collapse.
Interaction with other medicines:
At combined use with drugs of sulphonylurea can increase the content of glucose in blood. At introduction with lovastatiny the risk of development of a myopathy increases.
It is necessary to be careful at a combination with antihypertensives, anticoagulants and acetylsalicylic acid. Niacin reduces toxicity of Neomycinum and prevents the reduction of concentration of cholesterol and lipoproteids of high density induced by it.
Contraindications:
- hypersensitivity to niacin
- severe forms of arterial hypertension and atherosclerosis (for intravenous injections)
- a peptic ulcer of a stomach and duodenum (in an aggravation stage)
- the expressed abnormal liver functions
- dekompensirovanny diabetes mellitus
- gout and hyperuricemia
- pregnancy, lactation period
- children's age up to 18 years
Overdose:
Symptoms - strengthening of side effects.
Treatment - symptomatic.
Storage conditions:
To store in the dry, protected from light place, at a temperature not above 25 °C. To store in the place, unavailable to children!
Issue conditions:
According to the recipe
Packaging:
Solution for injections on 1 ml of 1% in ampoules of neutral glass.
On 10 ampoules place in a box from a cardboard with a corrugated insert. Put the scarificator in each box ampoule.
On 10 ampoules pack into a blister strip packaging from a film of polyvinyl chloride and aluminum foil. Boxes or blister strip packagings together with instructions on a medical use in the state and Russian languages place in a box from a cardboard.
