Pyrantelum

General characteristics. Structure:

Active ingredient: 125 mg and 250 mg of Pyrantelum of the basis (in the form of Pyrantelum of an embonat).

Excipients: magnesium stearate, sodium krakhmalglikolit (type A), corn starch.

Protivogelmintny means for treatment of nematodoses.

Pharmacological properties:

Pharmacodynamics. Pyrantelum is anthelmintic means. It is effective against the invasions caused by Enterobius vermicularis, Ascaris lumbricoides, Ankylostoma duodenale and Necator americanus. Pyrantelum causes neuromuscular blockade of helminths and provides their removal from a GIT by a vermicular movement. Pyrantelum is effective against mature and unripe helminths, sensitive to it. Larvae of migratory worms in fabrics are not surprised.

Pharmacokinetics. Practically it is not absorbed from intestines: after reception concentration of Pyrantelum in a blood plasma is minimum (0.05-0.13 mkg/ml) and is reached within 1-3 hours. More than 50% of drug are removed through intestines in steady-state condition. Less than 7% are removed by kidneys in steady-state condition and in the form of a metabolite. Drug does not paint kcal in red color.

Indications to use:

- enterobiosis;
- ascaridosis;
- анкилостомидоз.

Route of administration and doses:

For intake. It is intended for adults and children 6 years are more senior (for children 6 years are younger there is more adapted form in the form of suspension). Pyrantelum can be accepted at any time, without preliminary reception of laxatives, optional on an empty stomach.

At an enterobiosis and an ascaridosis the usual dose makes 12,5 mg / by at one time:
- children: 1 tablet of 125 mg on 10 kg of weight once;
- adults with body weight less than 75 kg: 6 tablets on 125 mg or 3 tablets on 250 mg once;
- adults with body weight more than 75 kg: 8 tablets on 125 mg or 4 tablets on 250 mg once.

At an enterobiosis for full removal of parasitic microbes it is necessary to observe strict measures of hygiene, and also to carry out treatment of faces of people around of the patient. For prevention of repeated infection it is recommended to repeat reception of medicine in 3 weeks.

Ankilostomidoz. In endemia zones, in case of infection of Necator americanus or in case of heavy infection of Ankylostoma duodenale the dose makes 25 mg/kg of mass of bodies/days (in 1-2 receptions) within 2-3 days.
- children: 2 tablets on 125 mg or 1 tablet on 250 mg on 10 kg of weight a day once;
- adults with body weight less than 75 kg: 12 tablets on 125 mg or 6 tablets on 250 mg once (1,5 g a day);
- adults with body weight more than 75 kg: 16 tablets on 125 mg or 8 tablets on 250 mg a day (2,0 g a day).

In case of slight infection of Ankylostoma duodenale (usually it occurs out of endemia zones) the dose makes 12,5 mg/kg of body weight at one time.

Features of use:

In order to avoid repeated infection it is necessary to follow rules of hygiene strictly: to wash hands, to cut and clean nails, not to allow combing of area of a crotch, to change daily bed and underwear. Treatment of all family members is at the same time recommended. Infection can often not be shown by any symptoms.

After completion of treatment it is necessary to conduct a control research a calla on existence of eggs of helminths.

At a liver failure it is necessary to lower a dose.

Use at pregnancy and a lactation. As during the researches on animals of teratogenic influence of Pyrantelum it was not revealed, to expect harmful effects it on the person there are no bases. In a number of researches on animals the substances which are responsible for developing of malformations at the person were found, however so far clinical trials of it do not confirm. Therefore at pregnancy Pyrantelum should be applied only in urgent cases. Same treats also a problem of use of Pyrantelum at a lactation.

Influence on ability to driving of motor transport and to control of other difficult mechanisms. Influence of Pyrantelum on ability to drive the car and on work with the equipment is not studied.

Side effects:

From digestive tract: nausea, vomiting, abdominal pains, diarrhea and loss of appetite are sometimes noted (most often these symptoms are explained by death of helminths).

Allergic reactions: itch, urticaria, dieback.

Slight short-term increase of activity of "hepatic" transaminases. 
Headache, dizziness, feeling of fatigue, drowsiness or sleeplessness, hearing disorder, hallucinations, confusion of consciousness, paresthesia, hyperthermia.

Interaction with other medicines:

Co-administration of levamisole, piperazin is not recommended.

Pyrantelum can increase concentration of theophylline in a blood plasma.

Contraindications:

Hypersensitivity to Pyrantelum and other components of a ready dosage form; myasthenia; liver failure.

Overdose:

Because of the low level of absorption of Pyrantelum in digestive tract its concentration in plasma is small. Usually, even at big overdose only frustration of the alimentary system and temporary disorders of the central nervous system (fatigue, dizziness, headaches) are observed. In certain cases there can be an increase in content of hepatic transaminases (NUCLEAR HEATING PLANT). Pyrantelum has no special antidote. For prevention of symptoms of overdose it is recommended to wash out a stomach, and also to control functions of respiratory and cardiovascular system.

Storage conditions:

To store in the place protected light at a temperature not over +25 ºС. To store in the place, unavailable to children. Period of validity 2 years.

Issue conditions:

According to the recipe

Packaging:

6 tablets on 125 mg or 3 tablets on 250 mg in a blister strip packaging or in banks No. 6 or No. 3 respectively. Together with a leaf insert blister strip packagings and banks are located in packs from a cardboard.