Sodium chloride

General characteristics. Structure:

Active ingredient: 9 mg of sodium of chloride in 1 ml of solution.

Vvspomogatelny substances: water for injections.

Pharmacological properties:

Pharmacodynamics. Ions of sodium and chlorine are the most important inorganic components of extracellular liquid supporting the corresponding osmotic pressure of a blood plasma and extracellular liquid. 0,9% NaCl solution fill shortage of Na + at various morbid conditions. Isotonic solution of sodium of chloride has the plasma substituting, disintoxication, hydrating effect, contributes to normalization of an acid-base state. Izotonichen to a blood plasma of the person.

Pharmacokinetics. Chloride sodium solution at intravenous, intramuscular and hypodermic administration is quickly removed from a vascular bed, passes into the intersticial sector and in cells. Concentration of ions of Na + - 142 mmol/l (plasma) and 145 mmol/l (intersticial liquid); concentration of chloride – 101 mmol/l (intersticial liquid). It is removed by kidneys. An elimination half-life – about 1 hour. Ions of sodium, chlorine, and also water eliminirutsya quickly by kidneys. The amount of the removed sodium is regulated by efficiency of its return absorption (reabsorption) in renal tubules. The insignificant amount of sodium is removed with then and excrements.

Indications to use:

Dissolution and cultivation of medicines.

Route of administration and doses:

After dissolution of medicines enter intravenously, intramusculary, subcutaneously. Apply also outwardly and locally. Intravenously enter of 5-10 ml. At intramuscular and hypodermic introduction the volume of NaCl solution varies depending on the dissolved medicine and a way of introduction (1-5 ml). Outwardly and locally 0,9% apply NaCl solution depending on the scheme of treatment. Before use рекомендуестся to warm up chloride sodium solution up to the temperature of 36-38 Pages.

Features of use:

Large volumes of isotonic solution of sodium of chloride apply with care at patients with a chronic renal failure (oligoanuriya), chronic heart failure, at a hypopotassemia.

Side effects:

Acidosis, hypernatremia, hypochloraemia, hypopotassemia

At use in the recommended volumes as solvent of medicines side effect is not revealed. At external and topical administration side reactions are so far not established.

Interaction with other medicines:

When mixing with other medicines it is necessary to control visually compatibility (nevertheless, interaction without visible changes of solution is possible).

Contraindications:

Hypernatremia, acidosis, hyperchloremia, hypopotassemia, extracellular overhydratation; the circulator disturbances menacing with wet brain and lungs; wet brain, a fluid lungs, an acute left ventricular failure, sopustvuyushchy purpose of glucocorticosteroids in high doses.

Overdose:

At introduction of the recommended NaCl solution volumes the overdose is improbable. In large numbers can lead to development of chloride acidosis, the increased elimination of potassium (hypopotassemia), an overhydratation.

Issue conditions:

According to the recipe

Packaging:

Isotonic solution for injections of 0,9% in ampoules on 2 ml, on 10 ampoules in a box. On 5 ampoules complete with medicine in a pack.