Sodium chloride

General characteristics. Structure:

Active ingredient: 9 g of sodium of chloride in 1 l of solution.

Excipients: water for injections.

Pharmacological properties:

Pharmacodynamics. Plasma substituting means. Has disintoxication and regidratiruyushchy effect. Fills shortage of ions of sodium at various morbid conditions. 0.9% chloride sodium solution изотоничен to plasma of the person and therefore it is quickly brought out of a vascular bed, only temporarily increasing the volume of the circulating blood

Does not stop a bronchospasm, the therapeutic effect develops gradually, usually in 5-7 days of course use of beclomethasone of Dipropionas.

Pharmacokinetics. Is not exposed to metabolism in an organism.

Concentration of ions of sodium - 142 ¼¼«½/l (plasmas) and 145 ¼¼«½/l (intersticial liquid), concentration of chloride-101 ¼¼«½/l (intersticial liquid). It is removed by kidneys without changes, during 4ch-80%, in 12-24 h - completely.

Indications to use:

0,9% chloride sodium solution - big losses of extracellular liquid or its insufficient receipt (at toxic dyspepsia, cholera, diarrhea, "unrestrained" vomiting, extensive burns with strong exudation, postoperative, etc. states), intestinal impassability, at a hypochloraemia and a hyponatremia with dehydration, intoxications; as solvent for preparation of sterile infusion or injection solutions from powders, liofilizat and concentrates.

Route of administration and doses:

Solution of 0,9% of sodium of chloride is entered intravenously kapelno. Before introduction solution is heated to the body temperature of 36 - 38 °C. The dose of administration of drug is defined depending on loss by an organism of liquid, ions of sodium and chloride and averages 1000 ml a day, at big losses of liquid and the expressed intoxication (toxic dyspepsia, cholera) introduction of 3000 ml from calculation is possible that the average weight of the person of 75 kg). Rate of administering - 540 ml/h (180 caps/min.); if necessary - rate of administering is increased.

To children at the expressed decrease in the ABP against the background of dehydration (without determination of laboratory parameters) enter 20-30 ml/kg. Further the mode of dosing is adjusted depending on laboratory indicators. The general daily dose makes up to 6% of body weight.

It is desirable to carry out long introduction of high doses of isotonic solution of sodium of chloride under control of laboratory researches.

Side effects:

Acidosis, hyper hydration, hypopotassemia.

Interaction with other medicines:

Let's combine with colloid hemodynamic blood substitutes (mutual strengthening of effect).

When mixing with other medicines it is necessary to control visually compatibility (nevertheless, invisible and therapeutic incompatibility is possible).

Contraindications:

Hypernatremia, acidosis, hyperchloremia, hypopotassemia, extracellular overhydratation; the circulator disturbances menacing with wet brain and lungs; wet brain, a fluid lungs, an acute left ventricular failure, the accompanying purpose of glucocorticosteroids in high doses.

It is impossible to apply sodium chloride as solvent if as medicine, obligatory for preparation, other solvent is specified.

With care. Dekompensirovanny chronic heart failure, chronic pochechnayanedostatochnost (oligo-, anury).

Overdose:

Symptoms. Nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, spastic abdominal pains, thirst, the sweating lowered salivary and slezootdeleny, increased, fever, tachycardia, increase in arterial pressure, a renal failure, peripheral hypostases, a fluid lungs, an apnoea, a headache, dizziness, concern, irritability, weakness, muscular spasms and stiffness, generalized spasms, a coma and death. Excess administration of solution of sodium of chloride of 0,9% can cause a hypernatremia. Excess intake of chloride in an organism can lead to giperkhloremichesky acidosis.

If solution of sodium of chloride of 0,9% is used as basic solution for cultivation and transport of other drugs, symptoms and complaints at excess introduction are most often connected with properties of the drugs added to solution. In case of inadvertent excess administration of solution treatment it is necessary to stop and estimate the patient's condition.

Treatment. Symptomatic symptomatic.

Storage conditions:

To store in the dry place at a temperature from 0 °C to + 25 °C. Drug freezing (when transporting) on condition of preservation of integrity and tightness of primary packaging is not a contraindication to its use. Bottles with the frozen solution maintain at the room temperature before thawing and mix stirring. To store in the place, unavailable to children! A period of validity - 3 years. Not to use after the expiry date specified on packaging.

Issue conditions:

According to the recipe

Packaging:

Solution of sodium of chloride of 0,9% for infusions. On 200 ml. 250 ml, 400 ml, 500 ml in bottles plastic for infusional races of tokr with a protective plastic cap and a ring holder of a pas day of a bottle or without it. On 200 ml, 400 ml, 500 ml in bottles glass for infusion solutions, corked by rubber bungs and pressed out by aluminum caps. Each bottle is placed in an individukalny cardboard pack together with the application instruction. On 15 or 20 bottles glass or plastic on 400 ml or 500 ml, on 28 or 36 bottles glass on 200 ml or plakstikovy on 200 ml or 250 ml place in cardboard" a box with cells together with the ravkny number of application instructions (for hospitals).