Viral hepatitis of C

Description:

Viral hepatitis With - the antroponozny viral infection from conditional group of transfusion hepatitises which is characterized by damage of a liver, an anicteric, easy and medium-weight current in an acute phase and frequent tendency to synchronization, development of cirrhoses of a liver and primary gepatokartsiny.
езервуар and an infection source - patients with the chronic and acute forms of a disease proceeding as with clinical manifestations, and asymptomatically. Serum and a blood plasma of the infected person are infectious during the period beginning with one or several weeks before emergence of clinical signs of a disease and may contain a virus vaguely long time.

Retribute mechanism. It is similar to a viral hepatitis In, however the structure of ways of infection has the features. It is connected with rather low stability of a virus in external environment and quite high infecting dose necessary for infection. The virus of a viral hepatitis With is transmitted first of all through the infected blood and to a lesser extent through other biological liquids of the person. RNA of a virus is found in saliva, urine, seed and ascitic liquids.
Carry persons to whom repeatedly transfused blood and its drugs, and also the persons having in the anamnesis massive medical interventions, organ transplantation from donors with VGS-polozhitelnoy reaction and repeated parenteral manipulations, especially at reuse of unsterile syringes and needles to groups of the increased risk. Prevalence of a viral hepatitis With among addicts is very high (70-90%); this way of transfer represents the greatest danger in spread of a disease.

Symptoms of the Viral hepatitis With:

Incubation interval. Makes 2-13 weeks, however depending on a way of transfer it can be extended to 26 weeks.

The acute infection mostly clinically is not diagnosed, proceeds preferential in the subclinical anicteric form making up to 95% of all cases of an acute viral hepatitis of Page. Late laboratory diagnosis of an acute infection is caused by existence of a so-called "antitelny window": at a research test systems of the first and second generations of antibodies to a viral hepatitis With at 61% of patients appear during the period up to 6 months from initial clinical manifestations, and in many cases and much later.
At clinically manifest form of an acute viral hepatitis About classical symptoms of a disease are expressed slightly or are absent. Patients note weakness, slackness, bystry fatigue, deterioration in appetite, decrease in tolerance to food loadings. Sometimes in the dozheltushny period there are weight in right a hypochondrium, fever, arthralgias, a polyneuropathy, dispeptic manifestations. In the general blood test can reveal leucio-and thrombocytopenia. Jaundice is met at 25% of patients, generally at persons with posttransfusion infection. The current of the icteric period most often a lung, an ikterichnost quickly disappears. The disease is inclined to aggravations at which there is an icteric syndrome again and activity of aminotransferases increases.

At the same time now fulminantny forms of a viral hepatitis of Page are described seldom meeting (no more than 1% of cases).

Regarding cases manifestation of an acute infection is accompanied by heavy autoimmune reactions - aplastic anemia, an agranulocytosis, a peripheral neuropathy. These processes are connected with extrahepatic replication of a virus and can come to the end with death of patients before emergence of significant antiserum capacities.

Distinctive feature of a viral hepatitis With - a long-term latent or oligosymptomatic current as a so-called slow viral infection. In such cases the disease mostly long remains not distinguished and is diagnosed at far come clinical stages, including against the background of development of cirrhosis and primary hepatocellular carcinoma.

The reasons of the Viral hepatitis With:

The activator - the RNA-genomic virus included in structure of an anonymous family of the Flaviviridae family. Virions of spherical shape, are surrounded with a supercapsid; the genome contains one-filamentous RNA. Allocate 6 serotypes and more than 90 subtypes of a virus, each of which "is tied" to certain countries, for example in the USA the viral hepatitis of S-1, is widespread in Japan - a viral hepatitis of S-2 whereas the viral hepatitis of S-2 and-3 is met in Northern and Central Europe more often, and a viral hepatitis of S-4 - in the Middle East and in Africa. These serotypes do not give a cross immunity. In a number of researches it is shown that the lb subtype is combined with more severe disease, higher content of RNA of a viral hepatitis From blood, bigger antiviral drugs resistance and bigger probability of a serious recurrence.

Treatment of the Viral hepatitis With:

Similar to Page, that at a viral hepatitis. Now use of drugs of interferon and its inductors in combination with ribaviriny is recommended in acute and chronic phases of a disease. There are data on efficiency of domestic drug of phosphogliv. Monotherapy by interferon is ineffective.