Bacterial dysentery

Description:

The acute or chronically recurrent infectious disease of the person which is followed by preferential damage of a large intestine, bacterial genesis.

Symptoms of Bacterial dysentery:

The causative agent of dysentery gets into a human body through a mouth with unboiled water, food, from dirty hands. Under the influence of acid contents of a stomach a part of dysenteric bacteria perishes, the others pass into intestines, causing various inflammatory and necrotic processes (catarral changes of a mucous membrane, sometimes superficial erosion or deeper ulcers, filmy deposits of fibrin are more often). At dying off of dysenteric bacteria, and also as a result of their life activity poisonous products - toxins which are soaked up through a mucous membrane of a large intestine are formed, get into a blood flow, causing systemic poisoning (intoxication) of an organism. Owing to damage of large intestines the diarrhea develops; to a chair blood and slime are added. The sigmoid gut is in a condition of a spasm (convulsive reduction), than morbidity of desires on an excrement speaks.
    Incubation interval of 2 — 5 days, sometimes 12 — 24 hours after infection. As a rule, dysentery begins sharply, temperature increases to 38 — 39, muscle, joints pain, a fever, a headache, then a colicy pain in the left half of a stomach develop. A chair repeated (10 — 20 and more times a day) with slime and streaks of blood, there are painful false desires on defecation. Most hard small children and old men have dysentery. Duration of a disease is about 3 — 4 weeks.

Reasons of Bacterial dysentery:

Dysentery bacterial is caused by various representatives of group of dysenteric bacteria; the greatest value Fleksnera and Zonne - the sticks living at the patient with a dazenteriya pleated (sometimes are implemented into cells) reckon a mucous membrane of a lower part of thick, sigmoid and direct guts. The causative agent of dysentery is allocated in external environment with the patient's excrements. In external environment dysenteric bacteria can keep a long time the viability, especially in water, milk, various foodstuff (where they get from hands of the patient or looking after). Spread of dysentery is promoted by insufficient sanitary culture of the population and violation of the rules of hygiene. More often children of the first 2 years of life are ill; the outbreaks of dysentery in child care facilities are frequent.

Treatment of Bacterial dysentery:

In the presence of satisfactory sanitary living conditions of patients with dysentery in most cases it is possible to treat houses. Hospitalization are subject persons with the heavy course of dysentery, and also people of advanced age, children till 1 year, patients with serious associated diseases; hospitalization is carried out also according to epidemic indications.
The diet (table No. 4) taking into account individual portability of products is necessary. In medium-weight and hard cases appoint a semi-bed or bed rest. At acute dysentery of a medium-weight and heavy current the basis of causal treatment is made by purpose of antibacterial drugs in average therapeutic doses a course of 5-7 days - ftorkhinolon, tetracyclines, ampicillin, cephalosporins, and also the combined streptocides (co-trimoxazole). Without denying their possible positive clinical effect, it is necessary to apply antibiotics with care because of development of dysbacteriosis. In this regard indications to purpose of eubiotik (bifidumbacterium, a bifikol, a kolibakterin, a laktobakterin are expanded, etc.) till 5-10 doses in days during 3-4 weeks Besides, it is necessary to consider the increasing etiotropic drugs resistance of causative agents of dysentery, especially concerning levomycetinum, doxycycline and co-trimoxazole. Drugs of a nitrofuran row (for example) and Acidum nalidixicum (Nevigramonum on 0,5 g) 4 times a day during 3-5 days now still appoint furasolidone on 0,1 g, however their efficiency decreases.