Acute dysentery

Description:

The highly infectious disease proceeding with preferential damage of a large intestine and in some cases the phenomena of the general intoxication.

Symptoms of Acute dysentery:

Incubation interval of 2 — 5 days, sometimes 12 — 24 hours.
In typical cases dysentery begins sharply. Temperature rises to 38 — 39 °, the patient complains of muscle and joints pains, chilling, a headache. Already in 1 — the 3rd day of a disease there are abdominal pains of skhvatkoobrazny character which are usually localized in the left half of a stomach, the chair becomes frequent. Kal — liquid, soon becomes scanty, in him slime and blood in the form of streaks, appear in hard cases — pus and films of fibrin. Desires on defecation are painful (tenesmus), false desires are characteristic. Number of defecations — 10 — 20 times a day and more. Some diseased (is more often at the dysentery caused by Zonne's stick) can have a vomiting, a plentiful liquid chair, right-hand localization of abdominal pains in the beginning, and at dehydration — spasms. Language is laid over. The stomach which sank down, painful at palpation on the course of a large intestine, most of all in the left ileal area where are palpated the reduced and painful sigmoid gut. Fever lasts 2 — 5 days, rarely it is more. At the expressed intoxication tachycardia, lowering of blood pressure, dullness of cardiac sounds are noted. In blood the leukocytosis, neutrophylic shift of a formula of white blood to band forms, moderate acceleration of ROE is possible. Full development of a clinical picture is observed to 2 — to the 4th day of a disease then, especially when performing treatment, the condition of the patient improves, abdominal pains, tenesmus decrease, the chair becomes more rare, impurity of slime and blood in Calais disappears. Clinical recovery occurs to 8 — to the 15th day when at most of patients also bakteriova division usually stops. An absolute recovery with recovery of all functions — in 1 — 2 month, sometimes later. At incomplete recovery a recurrence, a long current, transition to a chronic form are possible. Along with typical cases of dysentery perhaps erased, a little expressed, easy current, and also a bakteriovydeleniye without clinical manifestations. Weight of a course of dysentery  decreased in the last 10 — 15 years. The percent of severe toxic forms is small. On the contrary, the number of forms of dysentery at which in Calais only slime impurity appears increased.

Reasons of Acute dysentery:

Causative agents of acute dysentery — a stick with the rounded-off ends, motionless, gram-negative. Main types of bacteria of dysentery (Grigorieva — Shigi, the Union — Schmitz, Lardzha — Saks, Fleksner, Zonne) differ one from another on biochemical and antigenic properties. Now in the territory of our country Zonne and Fleksner's bacteria prevail. Causative agents of dysentery are sensitive to a sunlight, high temperature and disinfectants (chloric lime, carbolic acid, etc.).

Treatment of Acute dysentery:

Patients are hospitalized on clinical (medium-weight and heavy disease, an adverse premorbidal background) and epidemiological (the employees of the enterprises of food, water supply, trade, child care facilities living in the uncomfortable dwellings, hostels, etc.) to indications. Treatment of patients in house conditions includes purpose of the corresponding diet, furasolidone on 0,1 g 4 times a day before stopping of diarrhea, according to indications apply spasmolysants and fermental drugs (панзинорм, digestal, festal, абомин), eubiotik (bifidumbacterium, бификол, etc.), the NK biococktail possessing the expressed anti-diarrheal action. In a hospital use derivatives of a ftorkhinolon (пефлоксацин, etc.), Biseptolum, carry out disintoxication therapy.