Paraproctitis

Description:

The rectum is surrounded by a small amount of fatty tissue — perirectal cellulose. Its inflammation of infectious character call a paraproctitis. Chronic forms a disease are not so rare — about 0,5% suffer from paraproctitis effects — fistulas of perirectal cellulose.  At children's age the disease does not meet. Twice more often the paraproctitis is revealed at men.

Paraproctitis symptoms:

Usually the disease begins with an acute paraproctitis at which there is an acute purulent inflammation of perirectal cellulose. In these cases the patient has amplifying pains, a swelling, sometimes reddening in the field of an anus, body temperature increases. The reason of this disease consists that for various reasons, for example, locks, ponosa, a raising of weight, an error in a diet, alcohol, cooling, etc., and sometimes and for no apparent reason in the proctal channel at the height of 2-3 cm, in places where so-called proctal crypts are located, is formed a microopening through which the infection gets into perirectal cellulose and there is its acute purulent inflammation. Further when progressing a disease the abscess or itself is opened outside, or it is opened by doctors. After that the condition of patients improves, pains pass, temperature is normalized, but at the majority fistula of a rectum or a chronic paraproctitis, as a rule, forms. And "fault" to it is that internal microopening (opening) in the proctal channel which is, in fact, entrance gate for an infection.

Usually patients with fistula complain of discomfort, sometimes pains in the field of an anus, purulent or putreform discharges from fistula which can be in this or that place on skin near an anus (a so-called outside opening of fistula).

Paraproctitis reasons:

The paraproctitis  develops after penetration of different types of mikroobranizm and mushrooms into perirectal cellulose. As a rule, infection happens several types of activators, but microbes  which breed in the conditions of total absence of oxygen act as chief "conductor" of this orchestra. This look (anaerobe bacterias), perhaps, the most aggressive is also capable to cause in short terms severe defeats of cellulose and the rectum up to necrosis. But how microorganisms can get to the space completely limited from the outside world?
The first way — with a blood flow (hematogenous)
At local inflammatory processes in a rectum (thrombosis of hemorrhoidal nodes, suppuration of proctal glands, infection of a proctal crack) intensively breeding bacteria get into vessels, and with a blood flow get perirectal cellulose. Very seldom, but even the remote infectious process (tonsillitis, caries) can lead to a paraproctitis as, however, and to infection of any other body.
The second way — contact
All mucous membrane of digestive tract has glands which allocate in a gleam of a stomach and intestines a special secret for digestion of food. Also the rectum is not deprived of such glands. Except a small amount of digestive enzymes (there is almost almost nothing to digest that), this secret contains slime — it promotes easy passing of fecal masses on a gut and defecation. Sometimes such glands inflame, corked and suppurate. At a rupture of the suppurated gland the infection gets to perirectal cellulose and there is a paraproctitis.
Happens that the infection gets into cellulose at wounds and injuries, during surgical manipulations. On the nature of disease allocate a paraproctitis acute and chronic.

Treatment of the Paraproctitis:

The chronic paraproctitis is subject to exclusively surgical method of treatment — to a syringectomy. Though quite often fistular course is recovered again and again — at operation against the background of much the fabrics changed by an inflammation it is seldom possible to achieve full excision of the fistular course. Treatment of a paraproctitis in case of a chronic current only drugs — is inefficient.