Calcii chloridum

General characteristics. Structure:

Active ingredient: 100 mg of Calcii chloridum in 1 ml of solution.

Excipients: water for injections.

Pharmacological properties:

Pharmacodynamics. Calcium drug, fills shortage of the calcium necessary for implementation of process of transfer of nervous impulses, reductions of skeletal and unstriated muscles, activity of a myocardium, formation of a bone tissue, a blood coagulation. Reduces permeability of cells and a vascular wall.

Pharmacokinetics. In plasma about 45% are in a complex with proteins. About 20% are removed by kidneys, other quantity (80%) is removed with intestines contents. 95% of the calcium which is removed by glomerular filtering are exposed to a reabsorption in the ascending Henle's loop segment, and also in proximal and distal renal tubules.

Indications to use:

Allergic diseases (a small tortoiseshell, a Quincke's disease, allergodermatoza, a serum disease), stings and sting of insects, a hypocalcemia (including a gipokaltsiyemichesky tetany, at a hypoparathyrosis), a lead colica, a hyperpotassemia, overdose by magnesium drugs (as a part of complex therapy).

Route of administration and doses:

Intravenously struyno or kapelno with a speed no more than 0,75-1,5 ml/min. After completion of introduction the patient should remain short time in situation "lying".

At allergic diseases (a small tortoiseshell, a Quincke's disease, allergodermatoza, a serum disease), stings and uzhaleniye of insects, a lead colica, overdose by magnesium drugs - 7,5-15 ml.

At an acute hypocalcemia - 7,5-15 ml within 1-3 days, if necessary introduction - repeat each 1-3 days.

At a gipokaltsiyemichesky tetany of 5-17,5 ml. Introduction is repeated by each 8 h before achievement of therapeutic effect.

At a hyperpotassemia (under control of an ECG) - 2,45-15 ml, if necessary enter a repeated dose in 1-2 min.

To children - on 0,3 ml/kg, the maximum daily dose-15 of ml. For intravenous drop administration solution is previously dissolved by 5% with solution of a dextrose or 0,9% chloride sodium solution.

Features of use:

Treatment is carried out under control of concentration of calcium to blood. It is impossible to enter subcutaneously or intramusculary - the necrosis of fabrics is possible (high concentration of Calcii chloridum, since 5%, cause strong irritation of surrounding fabrics).

When developing pain or a hyperemia in an injection site it is necessary to stop introduction and to exclude a drug ekstravazation.

At intravenous administration of Calcii chloridum the feeling of heat at first in an oral cavity, and then on all body appears.

Side effects:

At bystry introduction - feeling of heat, a dermahemia of the person, smack of chalk in a mouth, a peripheral vazodilatation, a lowering of arterial pressure, arrhythmia (including bradycardia), a syncope.

Seldom (at a renal failure) - a hypercalcemia.

Local reactions: irritation on the vein course; the dermahemia, pain, rash, calcification can testify to an ekstravazation which can lead to a necrosis of surrounding fabrics.

Interaction with other medicines:

At simultaneous use with cardiac glycosides increases risk of development of arrhythmias (simultaneous use is contraindicated).

Reduces efficiency of blockers of slow calcium channels.

The concomitant use with others calcium - or magnesium - the containing drugs increases risk of a hyperpotassemia or gipermagniyemiya respectively, especially at patients with HPN.

Reduces efficiency of not depolarizing muscle relaxants. Can increase duration of action of Tubocurarini chloridum.

Pharmaceutical it is incompatible with tetracyclines, magnesium the sulfate, medicines containing phosphates, carbonates or tartrates.
Let's combine from 5% solution of a dextrose and 0,9% chloride sodium solution.

Contraindications:

Hypersensitivity, hypercalcemia, hypercalcuria, heavy chronic renal failure (CRF), fibrillation of ventricles, urolithiasis, sarcoidosis, concomitant use of cardiac glycosides; pregnancy, lactation period.

With care. HPN easy, and moderate severity, dehydration, disturbance of electrolytic balance (risk of a hypercalcemia), heart diseases (risk of arrhythmia), diseases of kidneys, "pulmonary" heart, respiratory acidosis, respiratory insufficiency (risk of toxic reactions owing to oxidation of Calcii chloridum).

Overdose:

Symptoms: a hypercalcemia (thirst, nausea, vomiting, a lock, a polyuria, abdominal pain, muscular weakness, mental disturbances, in hard cases - arrhythmia, a coma), especially at patients with HPN.

Treatment: at insignificant overdose (concentration of calcium - 2,6-2,9 mmol/l) introduction is stopped and cancel others calcium - the containing medicines. At heavy overdose (concentration of calcium more than 2,9 mmol/l) 0,9% enter chloride sodium solution, not thiazide diuretics; carry out control of potassium concentration and magnesium in serum, and if necessary - administer the drugs of potassium and magnesium; control of function of cardiovascular system, administration of beta adrenoblockers for prevention of arrhythmias, a hemodialysis.

Storage conditions:

At a temperature from 18 to 25 °C. To store in the place, unavailable to children. A period of validity - 5 years. Not to use after the period of validity specified on packaging.

Issue conditions:

According to the recipe

Packaging:

Solution for intravenous administration of 100 mg/ml in ampoules on 5 ml or 10 ml. On 10 ampoules with the application instruction, a knife ampoule or the scarificator ampoule in a pack or a box from a cardboard. When packaging the ampoules having a ring of a break or a point for opening the knife ampoule or the scarificator ampoule is not put. On 5 ampoules in a cassette planimetric upakovyoka. On 2 cassette planimetric packagings with the application instruction in a pack from a cardboard.