Acyclovir

General characteristics. Structure:

International name: Aciclovir;
Main physical and chemical properties: ointment of white color;
Active agent: 1 g of ointment contains an acyclovir 25 mg;
Excipients: polyethyleneglycol 1500, polyethyleneglycol 400, propylene glycol, emulsifier No. 1.

Pharmacological properties:

Pharmacodynamics. The acyclovir is more active concerning a virus of a herpes simplex (Herpes simplex) І and ІІ than type, a virus of shingles (Var_cella zoster), Epstein-Bara's virus and a cytomegalovirus. After hit in the cell infected with a virus, an acyclovir under the influence of a thymidinekinase it is transformed to more actively acyclovir triphosphate. The last reacts with virus a DNA polymerase and is built in DNA which is synthesized for new viruses. Thus, defective virus DNA which leads to inhibition of replications of new viruses forms.

Pharmacokinetics. When drawing on skin the acyclovir practically  does not come to blood. At repeated drawing concentration of an acyclovir in a blood plasma does not exceed 0,01 µmol/l. From second day of treatment the acyclovir is defined in urine at the level of 0,6 µmol/l.

Indications to use:

The infections caused by a herpes simplex virus (herpes of lips, herpes of external genitals) including shingles, chicken pox, herpetic defeats at patients with an immunodeficiency.

Route of administration and doses:

Ointment is applied on affected areas of skin and outside mucous membranes a thin layer (from rascheta:1,25 cm on 25 ^cm2 of an affected area) by 5 times a day with an interval of 4 hours and rub the easy movements within 1 minute. The course of treatment makes 5–10 days.

Features of use:

Treatment should be begun at emergence of the first symptoms of a herpes infection. It is necessary to preserve affected areas against irritation. To avoid sexual contacts in the presence of herpes symptoms at one of sexual partners. Not to allow hit of ointment on mucous membranes of an oral cavity, a nose, eyes, vaginas.

Side effects:

Allergic reactions are sometimes possible (rash on skin). At the first applications can arise: burning sensation, a mild pain in the place of defeat, an itch. These symptoms pass at drug withdrawal.

Interaction with other medicines:

 It is not studied.

Contraindications:

Drug is contraindicated at hypersensitivity to an acyclovir and to compound components of ointment, at pregnancy; during feeding by a breast ( during treatment it is necessary to stop feeding); children up to 3 months.

Overdose:

It is improbable.

Storage conditions:

To store at a temperature of 8-15 °C, in  the place, dry and unavailable to children. A period of validity — 3 years.

Issue conditions:

According to the recipe

Packaging:

On 10 g in an aluminum tuba; on 1 tuba in a pack from a cardboard.