Gnatostomoz

Description:

Gnatostomoz (Latin gnathostomosis) - zoonotic natural антропургический a biohelminthosis from group of nematodoses with the fecal and oral mechanism of transfer of the activator. It is characterized polymorphic and clinical manifestations.

About 1000 cases of a gnatostomoz at the person are known. Diseases are revealed generally in Thailand, and also in India, Indonesia, Myanmar, Malaysia, on Philippines, in Japan, China, Bangladesh, Israel. The disease is characterized by a natural ochagovost. Inhabitants of endemic coastal territories regardless of accessory to any of groups of the population get sick.

Gnatostomoz's symptoms:

Clinical manifestations are usually connected with migration of the one and only larva in skin, in internals, in TsNS or an eyeglobe. During migration the local inflammatory reactions, pain, cough, a hamaturia which are followed by fever and an eosinophilia can be observed. At damage of skin there are painful and pruritic migrating hypostases; especially often distal departments of extremities and eyelids suffer. Manifestations usually disappear in a week, however quite often recur for many years. Defeat of an eyeglobe constitutes danger to sight. Defeat of TsNS is shown by eosinophilic meningitis with encephalomyelitis. This heavy complication is caused by migration of larvae on nervous trunks and in TsNS. Attacks of painful radicular pain, paresthesia of a trunk and extremities after which the paraplegia can follow are characteristic. Damage of a brain with focal hemorrhages and necroses quite often comes to an end with death.

Gnatostomoz's reasons:

The activator of a gnatostomoz - the small or average size of a nematode Gnathostoma spinigerum, a parasite of a digestive tract of vertebrata. After development in water at a temperature of 27 - 31 °C in several days there are larvae which are swallowed by fresh-water crustaceans Cyclops, a Cyclops is swallowed by reservoir owners (fishes, frogs, birds) in whom larvae form cysts.

Larvae of Gnathostoma spinigerum cause eosinophilic meningitis, the migrating cutaneous dropsies, damage of eyes and damage of internals in the person.

Gnatostomoz's treatment:

The best way of diagnosis and treatment at the same time - surgical removal of a parasite from hypodermic fabrics and eyes; unfortunately, it is seldom feasible. Albendazole is sometimes effective (400-800 mg/days inside during 21 days). At defeat of TsNS recommend the symptomatic treatment which is usually including glucocorticoids.