Hay fever
Description:
Hay fever actually is not fever, and represents the allergic reaction which is followed by sneezing attacks, cold and a bunged-up nose. It is initiated by such allergens as dust, flower pollen and cigarette smoke and shown in an inflammation of a mucous membrane of a nose.
Allergy to flower pollen of a season. The aggravation usually occurs in the summer, especially in hot and windy days when pollen soars in air. On the other hand, if allergen is usual dust or hair of animals, the disease proceeds less sharply, but for all year.
Allergic rhinitis often develops together with vasculomotor rhinitis when the nose becomes extremely sensitive to such irritants as cigarette smoke contaminating air to other agents, changes of temperature and humidity, some foodstuff, drugs and emotional stresses. Also other allergic diseases, such as asthma and atopic dermatitis increase risk of developing of allergic rhinitis.
Hay fever usually develops aged up to 30 years and affects generally women, but not men.
Symptoms of Hay fever:
The first symptoms irritation, an itch in a nose, a throat, in the sky, an inflammation and reddening of eyes.
Further there is cold, sneezing, the complicated breath, eyes begin to water. In certain cases conjunctivitis can develop.
Reasons of Hay fever:
The allergy usually to pollen, fungi, hair, hair of animals, dust is an origin of such rhinitis. These substances are harmless to most of people, but at inhalation they cause a hypertrophied immune response in allergic persons. At the same time the cascade of biochemical reactions from which a massive exit in blood of a histamine and other chemical compounds which cause an inflammation and a myxopoiesis in the nasal courses and nasal bosoms results is started.
Treatment of Hay fever:
The best way of treatment, certainly, is avoiding of contact with the allergens and other factors causing irritation (for example, smoke and dust).
Weak symptoms of hay fever help to control nonprescription not sedative antihistamines (for example, лоратадин - Klaritin) which accept during an allergy season once a day. Nonprescription antihistamines of the first generation, for example, chlorpheniramine and дифенгидрамин (Benadryl) cause drowsiness.
Drowsiness can lead to accident when using certain tools, to accident when driving. Antihistamines are most effective if to accept them daily during an allergy season (not only at manifestation of allergic symptoms). If the histamine gets to nasal passes, antihistaminic drug cannot stop its action, only prevent the subsequent development of a histamine. Fenilefrin and pseudoephedrine are antiedematous drugs which remove a nose congestion, and are released without recipe. If you accept drug against any heart disease, an antibiotic erythromycin, or antifungal drug кетоконазол, before reception of antiedematous or antihistaminic drug it is necessary to consult with the doctor to prevent interactions of drugs.
At acute display of hay fever the doctor can register фексофенадин (Allegr), деслоратадин (Кларинекс) or цетиризин (Zirtek) – more effective antihistamines of the second generation.
Some nonprescription nasal aerosols may contain an antiedematous and antihistamine. Aerosols of this kind kill pain and an itch, reducing an inflammation and a congestion of a nose, however, it is longer not necessary to use them three days in a row. At abuse these drugs can cause more acute symptoms.
Regular use of drug by Zazalkr (it is released without recipe) prevents reaction in nasal ways to allergen. At acute symptoms the aerosols containing steroids which possess strong antiinflammatory action help and remove at the same time several allergic symptoms.
There is also an immunotherapy (pricks against an allergy). This type of treatment assumes introduction by means of pricks to an organism of gradually increasing allergen doses until the organism develops resistance to it. The immunotherapy is effective in 75% of cases of acute hay fever. The course of an immunotherapy lasts, as a rule, from 1 to 3 years.
