Acyclovir

General characteristics. Structure:

Active agent: acyclovir of 5,0 g.

  Excipients: a macrogoal-1500 - 25,0 g; a macrogoal-400 - 70,0 g.

Pharmacological properties:

Antiviral drug, the synthetic analog of a nucleoside of thymidine possessing highly selective effect on herpes viruses. In the cells infected with a virus under the influence of a virus thymidinekinase there takes place a number of consecutive reactions of transformation of an acyclovir in mono - di - and acyclovir triphosphate. The acyclovir triphosphate is built in a chain of virus DNA and blocks its synthesis by means of competitive inhibition of a virus DNA polymerase. Specificity and very high selectivity of action are also caused by its preferential accumulation in the cells affected with a herpes virus. It is highly active concerning   the type Herpes simplex 1 and 2 virus;   the virus   causing chicken pox and shingles (Varicella zoster); Epstein-Barre's virus (types of viruses are specified in ascending order of the size of the minimum overwhelming concentration of an acyclovir). It is moderately active concerning a cytomegalovirus. At herpes prevents formation of new elements of rash, reduces probability of skin dissimination and visceral complications, accelerates formation of crusts, reduces pain in an acute phase of the surrounding herpes.

Pharmacokinetics. At use of ointment on intact skin: absorption is minimum; is not defined in blood and urine. The affected skin: absorption is moderate; at patients with normal function of kidneys concentration in blood serum makes up to 0:28 mkg/ml, at patients with a chronic renal failure - to 0.78 mkg/ml. It is removed by kidneys (to 9,4% of a daily dose).

Indications to use:

Herpes simplex of skin and mucous membranes,    genital    herpes (primary  and  recurrent); the localized shingles (auxiliary treatment).

Route of administration and doses:

Ointment is applied on affected areas of skin of 4-6 times a day (as soon as possible after the beginning of an infection). The strip  of ointment  of 1.25  cm  should be applied on 25 sq. cm of the affected skin.  It is important  to begin  treatment of a recurrent infection during a prodromal phase or at the very beginning of    display    of an infection. Treatment duration - not less than 5 days, at most 10 days.

Features of use:

Ointment should not be applied on mucous membranes of an oral cavity and eyes.
Ointment of an acyclovir is effective for prevention of a recurrence of herpes of lips.
Efficiency of treatment by that will be higher, than earlier it is begun (at the first symptoms of an infection). For implementation of medical effect of an acyclovir the condition of immune system of an organism matters. Patients with reduced immunity (at HIV/AIDS or after transplantation of marrow) against the background of topical administration of ointment of an acyclovir should appoint system administration of drug, just as in case of a heavy and recurrent current of a herpes infection.
For the prevention of autoinoculation on other sites of skin it is necessary to use fingerstalls or rubber gloves. The acyclovir    does not prevent transfer of herpes sexually therefore during treatment it is necessary  to abstain  from  sexual contacts,  even    in the absence of clinical manifestations.

INFLUENCE ON ABILITY TO DRIVING of MOTOR TRANSPORT AND to CONTROL of MECHANISMS the Acyclovir does not influence ability to driving of motor transport and performance of work, demanding the increased speed of psychomotor reactions.

Side effects:

At   external   use - morbidity, burning, an itch, skin rash, a vulvitis, allergic reactions, swelled in a site of application.

Interaction with other medicines:

Strengthening of effect is noted at co-administration of immunostimulators.

Contraindications:

Hypersensitivity.

PREGNANCY AND LACTATION
Use during pregnancy is possible only in that case when the estimated advantage for mother exceeds potential risk for a fruit. In need of reception of an acyclovir in the period of a lactation breastfeeding interruption is required.

Overdose:

    Now  about  cases of overdose of drug it was not reported.

Storage conditions:

In the dry, protected from light place at a temperature not above 25 °C. To store in the place, unavailable to children.

Issue conditions:

Without recipe

Packaging:

Ointment for topical and external use of 5%.
On 5, 10 g in a tuba aluminum or laminatny.
On 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30 g in glass jars of the BTS type with the tense covers.
To tube or bank together with the application instruction place in a pack from a cardboard.