Episcleritis

Description:

Inflammation of connecting fabric between the conjunctiva and a sclera called by an episclera.

Episcleritis symptoms:

Distinguish nodular, migrating and a rozatsea-episcleritis.

Nodular episcleritis. Arises more often at persons of middle and advanced age. Near a limb there are small knots of rounded shape covered with the hyperemic, not soldered to them conjunctiva. The palpation of an eye is painful. Process, as a rule, bilateral. Its duration usually 1 month, then small knots resolve, leaving behind easy flaky coloring. The course of a disease long with the frequent recurrence which is replaced by remissions; small knots appear on new places. Sometimes small knots are formed gradually around a cornea and as if bypass a limb. The photophobia and dacryagogue usually does not happen.

The migrating episcleritis. Suddenly in one, in other eye near a limb there is a flat, hyperemic center, quite often painful. In some cases changes from eyes are followed by a Quincke's disease a century and migraine. These changes quickly take place, their duration from several hours to several days; the correct frequency of a recurrence is characteristic.

Rozatsea-episklerit. There are small knots in an episclera reminding changes at the migrating episcleritis. Usually there is also a damage of a cornea - a rozatsea-keratitis. The combination to pink eels of face skin is natural. Weight of process is defined by defeat of a cornea. There is a tendency to a recurrence. The diagnosis is made on the basis of a clinical picture. The sclerite differs from an episcleritis in bigger weight of process and involvement in it of a vascular path. The nodular episcleritis is differentiated from phlyctenas. The violet shade of a hyperemia, lack of the characteristic superficial vessels suitable to a small knot, duration of a current distinguish this process from fliktenulezny. It is very difficult to distinguish a back sclerite from a serous tenonit.

Episcleritis reasons:

Cause:

    * acute infectious diseases,
    * persistent infections (tuberculosis, rheumatism, is more rare syphilis),
    * exchange disturbances (especially at gout, diabetes).

The allergic factor is of great importance. Inflammatory process extends to a sclera usually from a vascular path, first of all from a ciliary body. Purulent sclerites develop in the metastatic way.

Treatment of the Episcleritis:

Treatment of the basic disease which caused a sclerite or an episcleritis. Elimination of the irritants capable to cause allergic reaction (the centers of persistent infection, frustration of food, etc.). The general and topical administration of the desensibilizing drugs - a cortisone, Dimedrol, calcium chloride, etc. At the rheumatic nature of a sclerite salicylates, Butadionum, Rheopyrinum are shown, at infectious sclerites antibiotics and streptocides. At tubercular and allergic sclerites the desensibilizing and specific treatment is recommended (PASK, Ftivazidum, Saluzidum, metazid, etc.). Topical treatment - heat, physiotherapeutic procedures, mydriatic means (with a normal intraocular pressure).

The forecast at an episcleritis favorable. At patients with a sclerite the forecast depends on extent of involvement in process of a cornea and internal covers of an eye, and also on timeliness of treatment.