Calcium gluconate

General characteristics. Structure:

1 ml of solution for injections contains 100 mg of calcium of a gluconate;

excipients: water for injections.

Pharmacological properties:

Pharmacodynamics. Calcium ions take part in transfer of nervous impulses, reduction of unstriated and skeletal muscles, functioning of a myocardium, a blood coagulation; they are necessary for formation of a bone tissue, functioning of other systems and bodies. Concentration of calcium ions in blood decreases at many pathological processes, and the expressed hypocalcemia promotes emergence of a tetany. Calcium the gluconate eliminates a hypocalcemia, and also reduces permeability of vessels, has antiallergic, antiinflammatory, krovoostanavyolivayushchy effect. Unlike Calcii chloridum, has weaker local irritative effect therefore it can be used for intramuscular and hypodermic introduction.

Pharmacokinetics. After parenteral administration drug with a blood flow is evenly distributed in all fabrics and bodies. In a blood plasma calcium is in the ionized form. Passes through a placental barrier, gets to breast milk. It is brought out of an organism, generally by kidneys.

Indications to use:

Insufficiency of function of epithelial bodies, the strengthened removal of calcium from an organism (in particular at long dehydration), as supportive application at allergic diseases (a serum disease, a small tortoiseshell, a Quincke's disease) and allergic complications of medicinal therapy, for reduction of permeability of vessels at pathological processes of various genesis (an exudative phase of inflammatory process, a hemorrhagic vasculitis, a radial illness); at parenchymatous hepatitis, toxic damages of a liver, nephrite, an eclampsia, a hyperpotassemia, a giperkaliyemichesky form of a paroxysmal mioplegiya, at skin diseases (a skin itch, eczema, psoriasis), as krovoyoostanavlivayushchy cure, and also as an antidote for poisonings with magnesium salts, shchayovelevy acid or its soluble salts, soluble salts of fluoric acid.

Route of administration and doses:

Intravenously and intramusculary the adult enter 5-10 ml of solution, depending on the nature of a disease and a condition of the patient - daily, every other day or in 2 days.

Children intramusculary are not recommended to administer the drug because of possible development of a necrosis. Intravenously, depending on age, solution of a gluconate of calcium is entered in such doses: up to 6 months – 0,1 – 1 ml, in 7 – 12 months – 1 – 1,5 ml, in 1 – 3 years – 1,5 – 2 ml, in 1 – 3 years – 1,5 – 2 ml, in 4 – 6 years – 2 – 2, 5 ml, in 7 – 14 years of 3 - 5 ml. The ampoule with solution before introduction is warmed up to body temperature. To adults and children solution is entered slowly, within 2-3 min.

Features of use:

Drug before introduction is warmed up to body temperature. To adults and children enter slowly, within 2 – 3 min. Drug use to pregnant women and during feeding by a breast not contraindicated in therapeutic doses. Data on adverse influence of drug on ability to manage vehicles and mechanisms are absent.

Side effects:

Nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, bradycardia, feeling of heat in an oral cavity, and then on all body which quickly pass independently can sometimes be observed.

Interaction with other medicines:

Before filling by syringe gluconate calcium solution the last should not contain the alcohol remains (loss of a gluconate in a deposit). It is not recommended to appoint together with other drugs of calcium. Intravenous administration of calcium of a gluconate before reception of verapamil reduces its hypotensive action, but does not influence its antiarrhytmic effect. At simultaneous use with quinidine delay of intra ventricular conductivity and increase in toxicity of quinidine is possible. During treatment by cardiac glycosides parenteral use of calcium of a gluconate is not recommended in connection with strengthening of cardiotoxic action. At simultaneous oral administration of calcium of a gluconate and tetracyclines action of the last can decrease in connection with reduction of their absorption.

Contraindications:

Tendency to fibrinferments, hypercalcemia, the expressed atherosclerosis, the increased coagulability of blood.

Overdose:

At overdose development of a hypercalcemia is possible. In this case as an antidote the calcitonin which is entered intravenously at the rate of  5 – 10 ME on 1 kg of body weight a day is used (drug is parted in 500 ml of isotonic solution of sodium of chloride, enter kapelno within 6 hours into 2 – 4 receptions).

Storage conditions:

To store in protected from light and the place, unavailable to children, at a temperature not below 20 ˚С. Period of validity 2 years.

Issue conditions:

According to the recipe

Packaging:

On 5 ml or 10 ml in an ampoule. On 5 or 10 ampoules in a pack.