Calcium gluconate

General characteristics. Structure:

Active ingredient: 100 mg of calcium of a gluconate of monohydrate in 1 ml of solution.

Excipients: water for injections.

Pharmacological properties:

Pharmacodynamics. Calcium drug, fills shortage of calcium ions, process of transfer of nervous impulses, necessary for implementation, reduction of skeletal and unstriated muscles, deyatelyyonost of a myocardium, formation of a bone tissue, a blood coagulation.

Pharmacokinetics. After parenteral administration drug with a blood flow is evenly distributed in all fabrics and bodies. In a blood plasma about 45% of calcium ions are in a complex with proteins. Passes through a placental barrier, gets to breast milk.

It is brought out of an organism generally by kidneys.

Indications to use:

The diseases which are followed by a hypocalcemia, increase in permeability of kletochyony membranes (including vessels), disturbance of carrying out nervous impulses in muscular tissue.

Hypoparathyrosis (latent tetany, osteoporosis), vitamin D exchange disturbance: rickets (a spasmophilia, osteomalacy), a hyperphosphatemia at patients with a chronic renal neyodostatochnost.

The increased need for calcium (pregnancy, the lactation period, the period of the strengthened growth of an organism), insufficient content of calcium for food, disturbance of its exchange (in the postmenopauzny period). The strengthened calcium removal (a long bed rest, chronic diarrhea, a secondary hypocalcemia against the background of long reception of moyochegonny and antiepileptic drugs, glucocorticosteroids).

Bleedings of various etiology; allergic diseases (serum disease, small tortoiseshell, feverish syndrome, itch, pruritic dermatosis, reactions to introduction of lekarstyovenny means and reception of foodstuff, Quincke's disease); bronchial asthma, dystrophic alimentary hypostases, pulmonary tuberculosis, rickets, osteomalacy, lead colicas; eclampsia.

Giperkaliyemichesky form of a paroxysmal mioplegiya.

Route of administration and doses:

Intramusculary, intravenously slowly (within 2-3 min.) or kapelno adult - 5-10 ml of 10% of solution daily, every other day or in 2 days (depending on the nature of a disease and a condition of the patient).

To children - intravenously slowly (within 2-3 min.) or kapelno, depending on age, from 1 to 5 ml of 10% of solution each 2-3 days.

Solution before introduction is warmed to body temperature. The syringe for administration of calcium of a gluconate should not contain the ethanol remains (in order to avoid gluconate calcium loss in a deposit).

Children intramusculary are not recommended to administer the drug because of possible development of a necrosis.

Features of use:

Or with nefrourolitiazy in the anamnesis appointment has to be carried out by the patient with an insignificant hypercalcuria, decrease in glomerular filtering with care and under control of content of calcium in urine.

For decrease in risk of development of a nefrourolitiaz plentiful drink is recommended.

Side effects:

At intramuscular and intravenous administration - nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, bradycardia can be observed.

At intravenous administration can be observed burning in oral cavities, feeling of heat, at bystry intravenous administration - a lowering of arterial pressure, arrhythmia, a faint, a cardiac standstill.

At intramuscular introduction necroses in an injection site can be formed.

Interaction with other medicines:

Pharmaceutical it is incompatible with ethanol, carbonates, salicylates, sulfates (forms insoluble or almost insoluble salts of calcium).

Forms insoluble complexes with antibiotics of a tetracycline row (reduces antibacterial effect).

Reduces effect of blockers of "slow" calcium channels (intravenous administration of calcium of a gluconate to or after verapamil reduces its hypotensive action).

At simultaneous use with quinidine delay of intra ventricular conductivity and increase in toxicity of quinidine is possible.

During treatment by cardiac glycosides parenteral use of calcium of a glyuyokonat is not recommended (possibly strengthening of cardiotoxic effect of cardiac glycosides).

At a combination to thiazide diuretics can strengthen a hypercalcemia, reduce effect of a calcitonin at a hypercalcemia, reduces bioavailability of Phenytoinum.

Contraindications:

Hypersensitivity, hypercalcemia (concentration of Sa2 + should not exceed 12 mg of % or 6 ¼Ø¬ó/l), expressions a hypercalcuria, нефроуролитиаз (calcic), a sarcoidosis, a concomitant use of cardiac glycosides (risk of developing of arrhythmias).

With care. Dehydration, electrolytic disturbances (risk of development of a hypercalcemia), diarrhea, sinyodry malabsorption, calcic нефроуролитиаз (in the anamnesis), an insignificant hypercalcuria, a moderate chronic renal failure, a chronic nedostatochyonost of blood circulation, widespread atherosclerosis, hypercoagulation, children's воз­раст (for intramuscular introduction - risk of emergence of necroses).

Overdose:

Symptoms: hypercalcemia.

Treatment: parenterally 5-10 МЕ/кг/сут, a calcitonin (having parted it in 500 ml of 0,9% of a rastvoyor of sodium of chloride). Duration of introduction is 6 hours.

Storage conditions:

To store in the place protected from light, at a temperature from 20 to 35 °C. To store in the place, unavailable to children. A period of validity - 2 years. Not to use after the period of validity specified on packaging.

Issue conditions:

According to the recipe

Packaging:

Solution for intravenous and intramuscular administration of 100 mg/ml in ampoules on 5 or 10 ml. 5 ampoules in a blister strip packaging from a film polyvinyl chloride. 1 or 2 blister strip packagings with the scarificator ampoule ceramic or noyozhy for opening of ampoules and the application instruction in a pack from a cardboard. When using ampoules with a ring of a break or a point of a break the knife or the scarificator do not put.