Calcium gluconate

General characteristics. Structure:

Active ingredient: 0,5 g of calcium of a gluconate.

Excipients - potato starch, calcium stearate (calcium stearate), talc.

Pharmacological properties:

Pharmacodynamics. Calcium drug, the regulator of exchange of calcium and phosphorus, fills shortage of calcium ions (Sa2+), process of transfer of nervous impulses, necessary for implementation, reduction of skeletal and unstriated muscles, activity of a myocardium, formation of a bone tissue, a blood coagulation.

Pharmacokinetics. About 20-30% of orally administered drug are soaked up in a small intestine; this process depends on vitamin D presence, рН, features of a diet and existence of the factors capable to connect Sa2+.

Absorption of Sa2 + increases at its deficit and use of a diet, poor Sa2+. About 20% are removed by kidneys, other quantity (80%) is removed with intestines contents (it is actively allocated with a wall of terminal department of digestive tract).

Indications to use:

The diseases which are followed by a hypocalcemia, increase in permeability of cellular membranes (including vessels), disturbance of carrying out nervous impulses in muscular tissue.

Hypofunction of epithelial bodies (latent tetany, osteoporosis), vitamin D exchange disturbances: rickets (a spasmophilia, osteomalacy), a hyperphosphatemia at patients with a chronic renal failure.

The increased need for Sa2 + (pregnancy, the lactation period, the period of the strengthened growth of an organism), insufficient contents Sa2 + in food, disturbance of its exchange (in the post-menopausal period).

The strengthened allocation of Sa2 + (a long bed rest, chronic diarrhea, a secondary hypocalcemia against the background of long reception of diuretics and antiepileptic medicines, glucocorticosteroids).

Bleedings of various etiology; allergic diseases (serum disease, small tortoiseshell, feverish syndrome, itch, pruritic dermatosis, reactions to administration of medicines and reception of foodstuff, Quincke's edema); bronchial asthma, dystrophic alimentary hypostases, pulmonary tuberculosis, lead colicas; eclampsia.

Poisoning with Mg2+ salts, oxalic and fluoric acids and their soluble salts (at interaction from calcium are formed by a gluconate insoluble and non-toxic calcium oxalate and calcium fluoride).

Parenchymatous hepatitis, toxic damages of a liver, nephrites, giperkaliyemichesky form of a paroxysmal mioplegiya.

Route of administration and doses:

Inside, before meal or in 1-1,5 h after reception (washing down with milk), adult – 1-3 g 2-3 times a day.

To children till 1 year – on 0,5 g, 2-4 years – 1 g; 5-6 years – 1-1,5 g; 7-9 years – 1,5-2 g; 10-14 years – 2-3 g; frequency rate of reception – 2-3 times a day.

Features of use:

Or with a nephrolithiasis in the anamnesis appointment has to be carried out by the patient with an insignificant hypercalcuria, decrease in glomerular filtering with care and under control of concentration of Sa2 + in urine.

For decrease in risk of development of a nephrolithiasis plentiful drink is recommended.

Side effects:

Locks, irritation of a mucous membrane of digestive tract, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, pains in an upper part of a stomach.

Interaction with other medicines:

Pharmaceutical it is incompatible with ethanol, carbonates, salicylates, sulfates (forms insoluble or Sa2+ almost insoluble salts).

Forms insoluble complexes with antibiotics of a tetracycline row (reduces antibacterial effect).

At simultaneous use with quinidine delay of intra ventricular conductivity and increase in toxicity of quinidine is possible.

Slows down absorption of tetracyclines, digoxin, peroral iron preparations (the interval between their receptions has to be not less than 2 h).

At a combination to tiazidovy diuretics can strengthen a hypercalcemia, reduce effect of a calcitonin at a hypercalcemia, reduces bioavailability of Phenytoinum.

Contraindications:

Hypersensitivity, hypercalcemia (concentration of Sa2 + should not exceed 12 mg of % or 6 ¼Ø¬ó/l), hypercalcuria, nephrolithiasis (calcic), a sarcoidosis, intoxication cardiac glycosides (risk of developing of arrhythmias).

With care: dehydration, electrolytic disturbances (risk of development of a hypercalcemia), diarrhea, sprue, insignificant hypercalcuria, moderate chronic renal failure, chronic heart failure, widespread atherosclerosis, hypercoagulation.

Overdose:

Symptoms: development of a hypercalcemia.

Treatment: a calcitonin, intravenously at the rate of 5-10 МЕ/кг/сут (drug dissolve 0,9% of solution of sodium of chloride in 500 ml, enter kapelno within 6 hours).

Storage conditions:

To store in the dry place, at a temperature not above 20 °C. In the place, unavailable to children. A period of storage - 5 years. Not to apply after the date specified on packaging.

Issue conditions:

Without recipe

Packaging:

Tablets of 500 mg. On 10 tablets in planimetric bezjyacheykovy packaging. On 10 tablets in a blister strip packaging. On 1, 2, 3 planimetric packagings together with the application instruction place in a pack from a cardboard. On 500, 1000 planimetric packagings with the equal number of application instructions place in a box from a cardboard.