Glucose of 5%

General characteristics. Structure:

Active ingredient: 50 g of a dextrose (a dextrose monohydrate in terms of anhydrous).

Excipients: sodium chloride, water for an injection.

Pharmacological properties:

Pharmacodynamics. Participates in various processes of a metabolism in an organism. Injection of solutions of a dextrose partially fills water shortage. A dextrose, coming to fabrics, it is phosphorylated, turning into glyukozo-6-phosphate which actively joins in many links of a metabolism of an organism.

5% solution of glucose have disintoxication, metabolic effect, is a source of valuable digestible nutrient.

Pharmacokinetics. It is acquired completely by an organism, by kidneys it is not removed (emergence in urine is a pathological sign).

Indications to use:

Hypoglycemia, insufficiency of carbohydrate food, toxicoinfection, intoxications at liver diseases (hepatitis, cirrhosis, a hepatic coma), hemorrhagic diathesis; cellular and general dehydration (vomiting, diarrhea, postoperative period); collapse, shock; for cultivation of medicines.

Route of administration and doses:

5% enter solution of glucose intravenously kapelno with the maximum speed up to 7 ml (the 150th cap) / mines (400 ml/h); the maximum daily dose for adults - 2 l.

At adults with a normal metabolism the daily dose of the entered glucose should not exceed 4-6 g/kg, i.e. about 250-450 g (at decrease in metabolic rate the daily dose is reduced to 200-300 g), at the same time the daily volume of the entered liquid - 30-40 ml/kg.

To children for parenteral food along with fats and amino acids in the first day enter 6 g of glucose/kg/days, in the subsequent - to 15 g/kg/days. When calculating a dose of glucose at introduction of 5% of solution of glucose it is necessary to take the admissible volume of the entered liquid into account: for children with the body weight of 2-10 kg - 100-165 ml/kg/days, to children with the body weight of 10-40 kg - 45-100 ml/kg/days.

Rate of administering: at a normality of a metabolism the maximum rate of administering of glucose adult - 0,25-0,5 g/kg/h (at decrease in metabolic rate rate of administering is reduced to 0,125-0,25 g/kg/h). At children rate of administering of glucose should not exceed 0,5 g/kg/h; what makes for 5% of solution - about 10 ml/min. or 200 caps/min. (the 20th cap = 1 ml).

For fuller digestion of the glucose entered in high doses along with it appoint insulin of short action at the rate of 1 PIECE of insulin of short action to 4-5 g of glucose.

Sick diabetes glucose is entered under control of its content in blood and urine.

Features of use:

Pregnancy and lactation. Use of drug is possible only in that case when the estimated advantage for mother exceeds potential risk for a fruit and the child.

For fuller and bystry digestion of glucose it is possible to enter subcutaneously insulin of short action at the rate of 1 PIECE of insulin of short action on 4-5 g of glucose.

Influence on ability to manage vehicles and mechanisms. Data are absent.

Side effects:

Hypervolemia, acute left ventricular failure.

At repeated administration of solution disturbances of a functional condition of a liver and exhaustion of the insulyarny device of a pancreas are possible.

Slight pain in injection sites, sometimes thrombophlebitis.

Interaction with other medicines:

At a combination with other medicines it is necessary to control visually compatibility (invisible pharmaceutical or pharmakodinamichesky incompatibility is possible).

Contraindications:

Hypersensitivity, hyperglycemia, hyper lactacidemia, overhydratation, postoperative disturbances of utilization of glucose; the circulator disturbances menacing with hypostasis of a brain and lungs; brain hypostasis, fluid lungs, acute left ventricular failure, giperosmolyarny coma.

With care. Dekompensirovanny heart failure, chronic renal failure (oligo-, anury), hyponatremia, diabetes mellitus.

Overdose:

Symptoms: hyperglycemia, glucosuria, hyper glycemic giperosmolyarny coma, overhydratation, disturbance of water and electrolytic balance.

Treatment: to stop administration of glucose, to enter insulin of short action, symptomatic therapy.

Storage conditions:

To store at a temperature from 5 to 30 °C. To store in the place, unavailable to children. Freezing of drug on condition of safety of tightness of a bottle is not a contraindication to drug use. Not wettability of an internal surface of a bottle is not a contraindication to drug use. At opacification not to use contents.
Period of validity - 2 years. After a period of validity not to apply.

Issue conditions:

According to the recipe

Packaging:

On 200 ml or 400 ml in bottles glass for blood, transfusion and infusional drugs with a capacity of 250 ml or 450 ml, corked by traffic jams from rubber and pressed out by aluminum caps. On 1 bottle with the application instruction in a pack from a cardboard.

On 15 or 28 bottles with a capacity of 250 ml or on 15 bottles with a capacity of 450 ml in a box from corrugated fibreboard with laying and lattices (nests) without preliminary laying in packs. Put application instructions in the quantity equal to the number of bottles in a box (for hospitals).