Piracetam

General characteristics. Structure:

Pharmacological properties:

Pharmacodynamics. Exerts positive impact on exchange processes of a brain, increases concentration of ATP in brain fabric, strengthens biosynthesis of RNA and phospholipids, stimulates glycoclastic processes, strengthens glucose utilization. Improves integrative activity of a brain, promotes memory consolidation, facilitates training process. Changes the speed of spread of activation in a brain, improves microcirculation, without having at the same time vasodilating effect, inhibits aggregation of the activated thrombocytes. Has protective action at the injuries of a brain caused by a hypoxia, intoxications, an electroshock strengthens alpha and beta activity, reduces delta activity on the electroencephalogram, reduces expressiveness of a vestibular nystagmus. Has no sedative, psychogogic influence. Drug improves bonds between cerebral hemispheres and synaptic conduction in neocortical structures, recovers and stabilizes cerebral functions, especially consciousness, memory and the speech, increases intellectual working capacity, improves a brain blood stream.

Indications to use:

• A symptomatic treatment of a psychoorganic syndrome, in particular at the elderly patients suffering from decrease in the memory, dizziness increased by concentration of attention and the general activity, lability of mood, disorder of behavior, gait disturbance and also at patients with Alzheimer's disease and senile dementia like Alzheimer.
• Effects of an ischemic stroke, such as disturbances of the speech, disturbance of the emotional sphere, for increase in motor and mental performance.
• An alcoholism - for treatment psychoorganic abstinent syndromes.
• The recovery period after craniocereberal injuries and intoxications of a brain.
• Dizzinesses and the related disorders of balance, except for dizzinesses of a vasculomotor and mental origin.
• As a part of complex therapy of low learnability at children with a psychoorganic syndrome.
• In complex therapy of drepanocytic anemia.

Route of administration and doses:

Inside during food or on an empty stomach. To accept attention, the last single dose no later than 17:00 for prevention of sleep disorders.

Daily dose - 30-160 mg/kg of body weight, frequency rate of reception - 2 times/days, in need of-3-4 times/days. A course of treatment from 2-3 weeks to 2-6 months. If necessary the course of treatment is repeated. At therapy of a psychoorganic syndrome at elderly drug is appointed on 1,2-2,4 g/days;

load dose within the first weeks of therapy - to 4,8 g/days. Treatment by piracetam if necessary can be combined using psychotropic, heart vascular and other medicines.

At treatment of effects of a stroke appoint 4,8 g/days.

At treatment of effects of intoxications, in the posttraumatic period an initial dose - 9-12 g/days, supporting - 2,4 g, a course of treatment - not less than 3 weeks.

This dosage form is recommended for children of 3 years - on 1 tablet 3 times a day.

Maximum daily dose of-1,8 g. A course of treatment from 2 weeks to 2-6 months.
At alcoholism - 12 g/days in the period of alcohol withdrawal manifestation;
maintenance dose - 2,4 g.

At dizziness and the related disorders of balance of 2,4-4,8 g/days.

At drepanocytic anemia a daily dose - 160 mg/kg of body weight, divided into 4 equal portions.

Side effects:

Side effects are most often noted at elderly patients at doses over 2,4 g/days. In most cases it is possible to achieve regress of similar symptoms, having lowered a drug dose. Nervousness, excitement, extrapyramidal disturbances, increase in body weight, it is rare - a depression, drowsiness, an adynamy. There are single messages on side effects from digestive tract, such as nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, abdominal pains and in a stomach; a nervous system - dizziness, headaches, an ataxy, balance disturbance, an aggravation of a course of epilepsy, sleeplessness; from mentality confusion, excitement, alarm, hallucinations,
increase in sexual activity; from integuments – dermatitis, an itch, rashes, hypostasis.

Contraindications:

Hypersensitivity, renal failure (clearance of creatinine less than 20 ml/min.), pregnancy, a lactation, children's age (up to 3 years), a hemorrhagic stroke, a depression with concern (the agitated depressions), a chorea of Gentington.

Overdose:

Strengthening of possible side effects. First aid - a gastric lavage, reception of absorbent carbon.

Storage conditions:

List B. In the dry, protected from light place at a temperature not above 25 °C. To store in the place, unavailable to children. Period of validity 3 years. Not to use after expiry date.

Issue conditions:

According to the recipe

Packaging:

6 blister strip packagings on 10 tablets in a pack of cardboard or 60 tablets in bank from glass melt like BV or in BDS OS bank or polymeric the BP type in a pack cardboard.