Ambroxol

General characteristics. Structure:

Active ingredient: 30 mg of Ambroxol of a hydrochloride.

Excipients: lactoses monohydrate (sugar milk), potato starch, silicon dioxide colloid (aerosil), magnesium stearate.

The drug possessing expectorant action, rather strong modern Mucolyticum. Ambroxol changes composition of slime in bronchial tubes (it represents a combination of mucous and serous components), normalizing its consistence; liquefies a phlegm, doing it to less viscous and better subject to removal; stimulates production of the surfactant which is carrying out a lubricant cleaner role for lungs; recovers motility of cilia of the bronchial tubes involved in removal of a phlegm.

Drug helps a respiratory organs to self-clean, helps to avoid complications to which bronchial tubes in the period of acute respiratory diseases are exposed, and even has the strengthening effect on local immunity.

Pharmacological properties:

Pharmacodynamics. Mucolytic means, stimulates prenatal development of lungs (increases synthesis, secretion of surfactant and blocks its disintegration). Possesses sekretomotorny, sekretolitichesky and expectorant action; stimulates serous cells of glands of a mucous membrane of bronchial tubes, increases the maintenance of a mucous secret and release of surfactant (surfactant) in alveoluses and bronchial tubes; normalizes the broken ratio of serous and mucous components of a phlegm. Activating the hydrolyzing enzymes and strengthening release of lysosomes from Clark's cells, reduces viscosity of a phlegm. Increases physical activity of a ciliary epithelium, increases mukotsiliarny transport.

After intake action comes in 30 min. and continues during
6-12 h.

Pharmacokinetics. Absorption – high, time of achievement of the maximum concentration in blood (TCmax) - 2 h, communication with proteins of plasma - 80%. Gets through a blood-brain barrier, a placental barrier, it is allocated with breast milk.

Metabolism - in a liver, forms dibromantranilovy acid and glucuronic conjugates. An elimination half-life (T1/2) - 7-12 h. It is removed by kidneys: 90% in the form of water-soluble metabolites, in not changed look - 5%. T1/2 increases at a heavy chronic renal failure, does not change at an abnormal liver function.

Indications to use:

Respiratory diseases with formation of a viscous phlegm: acute and chronic bronchitis, pneumonia, the chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), bronchial asthma with difficulty of an otkhozhdeniye of a phlegm, a bronchoectatic disease, a mucoviscidosis.

Route of administration and doses:

Inside, during meal, with a small amount of liquid. To adults and children 12 years are more senior appoint - 30 mg 3 times a day in the first 2-3 days, then on 30 mg 2 times a day or on 15 mg (a half of a tablet) 3 times a day, children are 6-12 years old – on 15 mg (a half of a tablet) 2-3 times a day.

It is not recommended to apply without medical appointment more than within 4-5 days.

Features of use:

It is not necessary to combine with the antibechic medicines complicating removal of a phlegm.

Side effects:

Allergic reactions: skin rash, a small tortoiseshell, a Quincke's disease, in some cases - allergic contact dermatitis, an acute anaphylaxis.

Seldom - weakness, a headache, diarrhea, dryness in a mouth and airways, a dieback, a rhinorrhea, locks, a dysuria. At prolonged use in high doses - a gastralgia, nausea, vomiting.

Interaction with other medicines:

Combined use with antibechic medicines leads to difficulty of an otkhozhdeniye of a phlegm against the background of reduction of cough.

Increases penetration into a bronchial secret of amoxicillin, a tsefuroksim, erythromycin and doxycycline.

Contraindications:

Hypersensitivity, children's age up to 6 years, pregnancy (the I trimester).

With care: Drug should be used with care at patients with a peptic ulcer of a stomach and duodenum, and also at patients with a renal and liver failure.

Use during pregnancy and a lactation. Drug is not recommended to be used during the I trimester of pregnancy. In need of use of Ambroxol in the II-III trimesters of pregnancy and during breastfeeding it is necessary to estimate potential advantage for mother with possible risk for the fruit/child.

Overdose:

Symptoms: nausea, vomiting, diarrhea.

Treatment: artificial vomiting, a gastric lavage in the first 1-2 h after administration of drug; reception of fat-containing products.

Storage conditions:

In dry protected from light and the place, unavailable to children, at a temperature not above 25 °C. Period of validity 3 years. Not to use after the date specified on packaging.

Issue conditions:

Without recipe

Packaging:

Tablets on 30 mg. On 10 tablets in a blister strip packaging. 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5 blister strip packagings together with the application instruction place in a pack from a cardboard.