Ampicillini trihdras

General characteristics. Structure:

Active agent - Ampicillini trihdras of 309,5 mg (in terms of 100% substance of 250 mg).

Excipients: starch of 47,7 mg, talc of 11,4 mg, sodium of starch glikolit 7,6 mg, calcium stearate of 3,8 mg.

Pharmacological properties:

Pharmacokinetics. After intake it is well soaked up from digestive tract (30-40% of a dose). The maximum concentration is reached in 1,5-2 hours. The elimination half-life makes 60-120 min. Ampicillin is distributed in most bodies and fabrics. Gets through a placenta, badly gets through a blood-brain barrier. At an inflammation of a meninx permeability of a blood-brain barrier sharply increases. In a liver 30% of ampicillin are metabolized. It is removed with urine and bile. At repeated introductions it does not kumulirutsya in an organism.

Pharmacodynamics. Antibiotic of group of semi-synthetic penicillin of a broad spectrum of activity. Has bactericidal effect due to suppression of synthesis of a cell wall of bacteria. Inhibits a polymerase of a peptidoglikan and transpeptidase, interferes with formation of peptide bonds and breaks late stages of synthesis of a cell wall of the sharing microorganism. The arising defects of a cover reduce osmotic stability of a bacterial cell and cause her death (lysis). Drug is active concerning the majority of aerobic gram-positive bacteria: Staphylococcus spp. (except for the strains producing a penicillinase), Streptococcus spp., Enterococcus spp., Listeria monocytogenes and gram-negative bacteria: Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Neisseria meningitidis, Escherichia coli, Shigella spp., Salmonella spp., Bordetella pertussis, some strains of Haemophilus influenzae. Does not work on penitsillinazoobrazuyushchy staphylococcus. Кислотоустойчив.

Indications to use:

- infections of an ear, throat, nose;

- bronchopulmonary infections;

- acute and persistent infections of urinogenital ways;

- digestive tract infections (salmonellosis, cholecystitis);

- gynecologic infections;

- sepsis;

- meningitis;

- rheumatism;

- ugly face;

- scarlet fever;

- infections of skin and soft tissues.

Route of administration and doses:

The dose is established individually depending on weight of a current, localization of an infection and sensitivity of the activator.

For adults the single dose makes 250-500 mg, frequency rate of reception – 4 times a day. The maximum daily dose for adult 4 g.

To children with body weight to 20 kg – on 12,5 - 25 mg/kg each 6 h.

Drug is accepted inside, in 30 minutes prior to food or in 2 hours after food. Course of treatment of 5-7 days.

 

Features of use:

In the course of treatment systematic control of function of kidneys, a liver and a picture of peripheral blood is necessary. Patients with a renal failure need correction of the mode of dosing according to values clearance of creatinine. At use in high doses for patients with a renal failure perhaps toxic action on the central nervous system. At use of ampicillin for patients with bacteremia (sepsis) reaction of a bacteriolysis (Yarisha-Gerksgeymer's reaction) is possible. At emergence of allergic reactions drug it is necessary to cancel and appoint the desensibilizing therapy. For prevention of development of candidiasis along with ampicillin it is necessary to appoint nystatin or levorinum, and also vitamins of group B and C.

Use of ampicillin at pregnancy according to indications is possible. Ampicillin is emitted with breast milk in low concentration. In need of use in the period of a lactation it is necessary to stop breastfeeding.

Side effects:

Side effects:

- dysbacteriosis, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, dryness in a mouth, taste changes;

- abdominal pain, pseudomembranous coloenteritis;

- itch, urticaria, Quincke's edema;

- joint pains, in rare instances acute anaphylaxis;

- a headache, a tremor, spasms (at therapy by high doses);

- leukopenia, neutropenia, agranulocytosis, anemia;

- candidiasis, intestinal dysbacteriosis, colitis.

Interaction with other medicines:

At simultaneous use of ampicillin with bactericidal antibiotics, including aminoglycosides, cephalosporins, Cycloserinum, Vancomycinum, rifampicin a synergism is shown; with bacteriostatic antibiotics, including macroleads, chloramphenicol, linkozamida, tetracyclines, streptocides – antagonism. At simultaneous use with ampicillin efficiency of anticoagulants and antibiotics aminoglycosides increases. Ampicillin reduces efficiency of estrogenosoderzhashchy oral contraceptives. Probenetsid, diuretics, Allopyrinolum, phenylbutazone, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs reduce canalicular secretion of ampicillin that can be followed by increase in its concentration in a blood plasma. Antacids, a glycosamine, purgatives, aminoglycosides slow down and reduce, and ascorbic acid increases ampicillin absorption. At simultaneous use of ampicillin with Allopyrinolum the probability of emergence of skin rash, especially at patients with a hyperuricemia increases.

Contraindications:

- infectious mononucleosis, lymphoid leukosis;

- hypersensitivity to ampicillin and other drugs of a penicillinic row;

- abnormal liver function;

- digestive tract diseases in the anamnesis (especially the colitis connected using antibiotics);

- children's age up to 1 month.

Overdose:

Now about cases of overdose of drug it was not reported.

Storage conditions:

To store in the dry, protected from light place, at a temperature from 2 to 30 ºС.

To store in the place, unavailable to children!

Issue conditions:

According to the recipe

Packaging:

Tablets of 250 mg in a blister strip packaging on 10 pieces.