Vitamin E

General characteristics. Structure:

Active ingredient: 200 mg or 400 mg of tocopherol of acetate.

Excipient: sunflower oil,

Structure of a capsular cover: glycerin, E-211 Natrium benzoicum, the water purified gelatin.

Pharmacological properties:

Pharmacodynamics. Vitamin E is antioxidant means, participates in processes of proliferation of cells, fabric metabolism, prevents hemolysis of erythrocytes, interferes with a hyperpermeability and fragility of capillaries. Drug interferes with development of atherosclerosis, degenerative and dystrophic changes in a cardiac muscle and skeletal muscles, improves food and sokratitelny ability of a myocardium, reduces consumption by an oxygen myocardium. Slows down free radical reactions, prevents formation of the peroxides damaging cellular and subcellular membranes. Stimulates synthesis gem and gemsoderzhashchy enzymes - hemoglobin, a myoglobin, tsitokhrom, a catalase, peroxidase.

Participates in metabolism of nucleic acids and prostaglandins, in a cellular respiratory cycle, in synthesis of arachidonic acid.

Improves tissue respiration, stimulates protein synthesis (collagen, fermental, structural and sokratitelny proteins of skeletal and unstriated muscles, a myocardium), protects vitamin A from oxidation, inhibits cholesterol synthesis, contributes to normalization of level of lipids in a blood plasma. Slows down oxidation of unsaturated fatty acids and selenium (a component of microsomal system of transfer of electrons). Activates phagocytosis and it is used for maintenance of normal resistance of erythrocytes. In high doses prevents aggregation of thrombocytes. Makes the expressed positive impact on reproductive system of the person.

In the absence of vitamin E in an organism (avitaminosis E) degenerative changes in skeletal muscles of heart develop, permeability and fragility of capillaries increases, the epithelium of seed tubules, testicles regenerates. Embryos have hemorrhages, there occurs their pre-natal death. Also degenerative changes in nervous cells and defeat of a parenchyma of a liver are established.

At insufficiency of vitamin E decrease in concentration of proteins in blood serum and contents of nucleic acids in a liver and seed plants is observed.

Insufficiency of vitamin E at the person can be connected with feeding habits (for example, absence in food of vegetable fats) or is caused by various diseases, for example, of a liver, a pancreas, etc.

Pharmacokinetics. From a GIT about 50% of the entered dose are soaked up, the maximum level in blood is created in 4 hours. Absorption requires availability of bile acids, fats, to normal function of a pancreas. In the course of absorption forms a complex with the lipoproteids which are intracellular carriers of vitamin E. Comes, mainly, to a lymph, then – to the general blood stream where contacts generally with alfa1 and beta lipoproteids, partially a seralbumin. At disturbance of exchange of proteins transport is at a loss. It is deposited in all bodies and fabrics, especially in fatty tissue. Is exposed to metabolism in a liver to the derivatives having hinonovy structure (some of them have vitamin activity). It is removed with bile (over 90%) and urine (about 6%) in not changed look and in the form of metabolites.

Gets through a placenta in insufficient quantities: in blood of a fruit 20 – 30% of concentration get into mother's blood. Gets into breast milk.

Indications to use:

For treatment of a hypovitaminosis of vitamin E; conditions of reconvalescence after the postponed diseases; asthenic states (including at advanced age).

In complex therapy of a side amyotrophic sclerosis, degenerative and proliferative changes of joints and the copular device (including and a backbone), muscular dystrophy, disturbances of functions of gonads at men, at women – at hormonal treatment of disturbances of a menstrual cycle, at deterioration in conditions of pre-natal fetation, at defeat of peripheral vessels (an endarteritis, a Raynaud's disease), at a necrotizing myopathy, an abetalipoproteinemiya, a gastrectomy, a chronic cholestasia, cirrhosis, an atresia of bilious ways, obstructive jaundice, a Gee's disease, tropical to a spr, a disease Krone, malabsorption, a climax, nicotine addiction, drug addiction.

Appoint vitamin E at atrophic changes of skin (a scleroderma, etc.), trophic ulcers of a shin, a dermatomyositis, etc. collagenoses, in the period of a lactation, at purpose of a diet with the increased content of polyunsaturated fatty acids, at defective and unbalanced food, the raised exercise stresses.

Route of administration and doses:

Capsules of 200 mg: the adult on 1 – 2 capsules a day.

Capsules of 400 mg: the adult on 1 capsule a day.

Duration of treatment of a hypovitaminosis E is individual and depends on weight of a state. If necessary it is possible to increase a dose to 1 g a day.

It is not recommended to appoint for a long time together with other polyvitaminic drugs since approach of overdose of fat-soluble vitamin E is possible.

Features of use:

It is necessary to observe the dosing mode strictly. The diet with the increased content of selenium and sulfur-containing amino acids reduces the need for vitamin E.

At an inborn violent epidermolysis white hair can begin to grow in the places struck with an allopecia.

At prolonged use of drug and/or need of purpose of repeated courses of therapy it is recommended to control periodically blood coagulation indicators, and also cholesterol level in blood.

Side effects:

Allergic reactions. At reception of high doses - diarrhea, pains in epigastriums, a creatinuria. At emergence of side effects a dose of drug it is necessary to reduce or cancel drug.

Interaction with other medicines:

Increases efficiency of anticonvulsants at patients with epilepsy at whom the increased content in blood of products of peroxide oxidation of lipids is revealed.

Strengthens effect steroid and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, antioxidants.

Increases efficiency and reduces toxicity of cardiac glycosides, and also vitamins A and D. Purpose of vitamin E in high doses can cause deficit of vitamin A in an organism.

Simultaneous use of vitamin E in a dose more than 400 mg/days with anticoagulants (derivatives of coumarin and an indandion) increases risk of development of a prothrombinopenia and bleedings.

Colestyraminum, колестипол, mineral oils reduce alpha tocopheryl acetate absorption.

High doses of iron strengthen oxidizing processes in an organism that increases the need for vitamin E.

At simultaneous use of alpha tocopheryl acetate with cyclosporine absorption of the last increases.

Contraindications:

Contraindications to use are:
• hypersensitivity;
• acute myocardial infarction;
• children's age up to 12 years.

Overdose:

Symptoms: at reception during the long period in dozakh400 - 800 mg/days - an illegibility of visual perception, dizziness, головнаяболь, nausea, extraordinary fatigue, diarrhea, a gastralgia, an adynamy; at priyemeboly 800 mg/days during the long period - increase in risk of razvitiyakrovotecheniye at patients with a hypovitaminosis To, disturbance of metabolism of thyroid hormones, disorders of sexual function, thrombophlebitis, a thrombembolia, nekroticheskiykolit, sepsis, a hepatomegalia, a hyperbilirubinemia, a renal failure, hemorrhages in a mesh cover of an eye, a hemorrhagic stroke, ascites, hemolysis.

Treatment: drug withdrawal; appoint the glucocorticoids accelerating metabolism of vitamin E in a liver; appoint Vikasolum for an umensheniyaopasnost of hemorrhages.

Storage conditions:

To store in the place protected from moisture and light at температуреот 15 °C to 25 ºС. To store in the place, unavailable to children! Period of validity 2 years.

Issue conditions:

Without recipe

Packaging:

On 10 capsules in a blister strip packaging. On 3 or 6 blister strip packagings together with инструкциейпо to a medical use in the state and Russian languages stack a vpachka from a cardboard.