Dystrophy

Description:

Dystrophy – the pathological process leading to loss or accumulation by fabrics of the substances not inherent to it in a normality (for example, accumulation of coal in lungs). At dystrophy of a cell and intercellular substance are damaged owing to what also functioning of sick body is broken. The complex of mechanisms – a trophicity is responsible for metabolism and safety of structure of cells. She suffers at dystrophy: self-control of cells and transport of products of metabolism is broken.

Dystrophy most often affects children up to three years that conducts to a delay of physical, intellectual and psychomotor development, disturbances of immune system and a metabolism.

Dystrophy reasons:

Dystrophy can be caused by a set of various reasons. In addition to inborn genetic disorders of a metabolism, infectious diseases, stresses, irrational food can cause emergence of a disease. Also the wrong way of life, external adverse factors, weak immunity, chromosomal diseases can become the reasons of dystrophy.

There is a wrong opinion that dystrophies are subject only children who were born before term. But the disease can arise because of long starvation or an overeating (especially uglevodsoderzhashchy products), problems of digestive tract, somatopathies and so forth.

Inborn dystrophy often arises because of too young or, on the contrary, advanced age of mother of the sick child.

Dystrophy symptoms:

Symptoms of dystrophy are shown only depending on its form and severity. The general symptoms of a disease it is considered to be excitement, loss of appetite and deterioration in a dream, weakness, fatigue, a growth inhibition (at children), loss of weight and so forth.

At a hypotrophy (the I-II degree) body weight decreases (by 10–30%), pallor, decrease in a muscle tone and elasticity of fabrics is observed, hypodermic cellulose becomes thinner or disappears, the vitamin deficiency develops. At patients immunity is broken, the liver can increase, the chair is broken (alternation of locks and ponos).

At a hypotrophy of the III degree there comes exhaustion, skin loses elasticity, eyeballs sink down, breath and a cordial rhythm is broken, the arterial pressure and body temperature decreases.

Paratrofiya is expressed in excess postponement of fat in hypodermic cellulose. The patient is pale and subject to allergic reactions; disturbances of work of intestines, dysbacteriosis, anemia are observed; pleated skin often appear an intertrigo.

Gipostatura often accompanies a hypotrophy of the II-III degree. Its symptoms are pallor, decrease in elasticity of fabrics, functional frustration of a nervous system, metabolism disturbance, decrease in immunity. Gipostatura is a resistant form of dystrophy therefore there are certain difficulties in its treatment. It is remarkable also that lack of other symptoms of dystrophy (weight reduction, weakness etc.) can consider a gipostatura a normal sign of constitutional low-tallness.

Treatment of dystrophy:

Treatment of dystrophy always has to be complex and depend on its look and severity. If dystrophy has secondary character, emphasis is placed on treatment of the disease which became its reason. In an opposite case the main remedy is the dietotherapy and prevention of consecutive infections (at dystrophy immunity is reduced and the patient is subject to various diseases).

At a hypotrophy of the I degree of children houses treat, but at II and III degrees of a disease the stationary mode with the placement of the sick child to the box is required.

The diet is a basis at rational treatment of dystrophy.

At a hypotrophy at the first stage portability of a certain food becomes clear, and then its volume and quality increases (to recovery).

Breast milk, acidified milk formulas, fractional food (to 10 times a day), maintaining the diary of food is shown to patients (with the indication of changes of a chair and body weight). Also sick appoint vitamins, enzymes, stimulators and dietary supplements.

Prevention of dystrophy has a set of nuances: to save the child from this disease, future mother has to watch over the health, observe a day regimen, refuse addictions. After the birth of the child it is necessary to follow all rules of feeding and care of it, to treat timely infectious and other diseases, to monthly take weighing and measurement of growth.