Glucose

General characteristics. Structure:

Active ingredient: 50 g, 100 g or 200 g of a dextrose.

Vpomogatelny substances: sodium chloride, water for injections.

Pharmacological properties:

Pharmacodynamics. Participates in various processes of a metabolism in an organism, strengthens oxidation-reduction processes in an organism, improves anti-toxic function of a liver. Injection of solutions of a dextrose partially fills water shortage. A dextrose, coming to fabrics, I am phosphorylated, will turn into glucose-6-phosphate which actively joins in many links of a metabolism of an organism. 5% solution of a dextrose have disintoxication, metabolic effect, is a source of the valuable easily acquired nutrient. At metabolism of a dextrose in fabrics the amount of the energy necessary for life activity of an organism is emitted considerable ".

Hypertonic salt solutions (10%, 20%) increase the osmotic pressure of blood, improve a metabolism; increase contractility of a myocardium; improve BIIT toxic function of a liver, expand vessels, increase a diuresis.

Theoretical osmolarity of 10% of a dextrose — 555 ¼Äß¼/l, 20% — 1110 ¼Äß¼/l.

Pharmacokinetics. It is acquired completely by an organism, by kidneys it is not removed (emergence in urine is a patologichenky sign).

Indications to use:

Hypoglycemia, insufficiency of carbohydrate food, toxicoinfection, intoxication at liver diseases (hepatitis, dystrophy and a hepatatrophia, including a liver failure), hemorrhagic diathesis; dehydration (vomiting, diarrhea, postoperative period); intoxication; collapse, shock.

As component of various krovezamenyayushchy and antishock liquids; for preparation of solutions of medicines for intravenous administration.

Route of administration and doses:

Subcutaneously (only 5% solution — to 300-500 ml), intravenously kapelno, 5% enter solution with the maximum speed up to 7 ml (the 150th cap) / mines (400 ml/h); the maximum daily dose for adults — 2 l; 10% solution — up to 60 caps/min. (3 ml/min.); the maximum daily dose for adults — 1 l; 20% solution — up to 30-40 caps/min. (1,5-2 ml/min.); the maximum daily dose for adults - 500 ml.

Intravenously struyno — 10-50 ml of 5% and 10% of solutions.

At adults with a normal metabolism the daily dose of the entered glucose should not exceed 4-6 g/kg, i.e. about 250-450 g (at decrease in metabolic rate — 30-40 ml/kg.

To children for parenteral food, along with the worlds and amino acids, in the first day enter 6 g of glucose/kg/days, in the subsequent — to 15 g/kg/days. When calculating a dose of glucose at introduction of 5% and 10% of solutions it is necessary to take the admissible volume of the entered liquid into account: for children weighing 2-10 kg — 100-165 ml/kg/days, to children weighing 10-40 kg — 45-100 ml/kg/days.

Rate of administering: at a normality of a metabolism the maximum rate of administering of a dextrose adult — 0,25-0,5 g/kg/h (at decrease in metabolic rate rate of administering is reduced to 0,125-0,25 g/kg/h). At children rate of administering should not exceed 0,5 g/kg/h; what makes for 5% of solution — about 10 ml/min. or 200 caps/min. (the 20th cap of =1 ml).

For fuller assimilation of the dextrose entered in high doses along with it appoint insulin at the rate of 1 PIECE of insulin to 4-5 g of a dextrose. Sick diabetes the dextrose is entered under control of its content in blood and urine.

Features of use:

For fuller assimilation of a dextrose it is possible to enter subcutaneously 4-5 PIECES of insulin, at the rate of 1 PIECE of insulin on 4-5 g of glucose.

Side effects:

Hyperglycemia, fever, hypervolemia, acute left ventricular failure. In an injection site — development of an infection, thrombophlebitis.

Interaction with other medicines:

At a combination with other medicines it is necessary to control compatibility visually.

Contraindications:

Hypersensitivity, hyperglycemia, diabetes mellitus, hyper lactacidemia, overhydratation, the postoperative disturbances of utilization of glucose, circulator disturbances menacing with wet brain and lungs; fluid lungs, acute left ventricular failure, giperosmolyarny coma.

With care. Dekompensirovanny chronic heart failure, chronic renal failure (oligoanuriya), hyponatremia.

Overdose:

Symptoms: hyperglycemia, glucosuria, hyper glycemic giperosmolyarny coma, overhydratation, disturbance of vodnoelektrolitny balance.

Treatment: to stop administration of glucose, to enter insulin, symptomatic therapy.

Storage conditions:

Period of validity - 3 years. Not to use after the period of validity specified on packaging. At a temperature from 5 to 30 °C, in the place, unavailable to children. Freezing at transportation is allowed.

Issue conditions:

According to the recipe

Packaging:

Solution for infusions of 5%, 10% and 20% on 100, 250, 500 or 1000 ml in containers polymeric for infusion solutions of single use. Each container is packed into a secondary package from polypropylene or polyethylene of the put application instruction. Containers in secondary packaging are placed in boxes from a cardboard.