Cardioneurosis

Description:

The cardioneurosis is defined as independent psychosomatic disorder of category of organ neurosises. At the same time the possibility of partnership in formation of functional frustration of cardiovascular system of somatic (preferential cardiovascular) pathology is provided. Therefore, the qualified diagnosis of a cardioneurosis demands expert assessment of a condition of the patient, both the psychiatrist, and the cardiologist.

Cardioneurosis symptoms:

The symptom complex of a cardioneurosis is presented by abnormal feelings (weight, pressure) or pains in heart (cardialgia) in combination with feeling of the strengthened heartbeat, lability of a cordial rhythm (tendency to tachycardia, premature ventricular contraction) and the arterial pressure (is more often with a tendency to tranzitorny increase), and also the accompanying symptoms of vegetative dysfunction (local perspiration, a mramornost or a cold snap of extremities, a resistant white dermographism). Among mental disturbances at patients with a cardioneurosis symptoms of alarm which forms within alarming frustration or alarming depressions prevail (65,2%). Among alarming frustration at patients with a cardioneurosis preferential clinically complete forms of the panic attacks, meet dominance spontaneous (i.e. not connected with external factors) alarm attacks. The functional frustration forming within the panic attacks include changes of a rhythm and force of cordial reductions (tachycardia, premature ventricular contraction, the strengthened heartbeat), fluctuations of arterial pressure with a tendency to tranzitorny arterial hypertension at height of an alarming attack, polymorphic cardialgias. Irradiation of pain in the left shoulder and area of a back is quite often noted. Aggravations of symptoms of a cardioneurosis during the panic attack can be followed by feelings of dizziness, feeling of weakness or muscular tension. Approximately at 17% of patients with a cardioneurosis the depressive frustration qualified preferential as endogenous depressions of easy or moderate severity within a cyclotymia and, more rare as affective phases within frustration of the personality, and also dysthymic frustration come to light. At the patients with a cardioneurosis suffering from a cyclotymia (somatized) depressions which are spontaneously demonstrating alarming and hypochiondrial come to light: rather easy phenomena of an oligothymia (the suppressed, depressive mood, decrease of the activity) are blocked by the expressed alarming frustration and functional disturbances of cardiovascular system. In some cases the depressions acting as manifestation of dynamics of personal frustration (boundary type) come to light. In structure of a depressive symptom complex the asthenic frustration which are closely interfaced to functional disturbances from cardiovascular system and cardialgias and also the phenomena of an anergy, apathy, an angedoniya, a dysphoria (signs of negative affectivity) prevail. Dysthymic frustration (lingering neurotic depressions) proceed as "the somatized dysthymia". In a clinical picture of a dysthymia symptoms of a cardioneurosis persistirut and act into the forefront against the background of depressive affect. Cardialgias, disturbances of a heart rhythm, fluctuation of pressure are combined with asthenic manifestations. Actually the oligothymia (depressive mood) is shown by delay and difficulty of all mental acts, decrease in inclinations, a sleep disorder and appetite. Indifference, inability to show joy, interest, compassion prevail. At the same time the registered signs of oppressed mood (the lowered self-assessment, pessimism, insolvency) are subjectively estimated by patients as a result of a constant physical indisposition.

Cardioneurosis reasons:

As the main origins of a cardioneurosis are considered:
    * mental experiences,
    * physical overstrain.
Quite often neurosis of heart is shown at abuse of tobacco, alcohol, strong coffee.

Treatment of the Cardioneurosis:

For assistance to the patient at pronounced symptoms, and also strengthening of the indispositions which are available a long time it is necessary to do the following actions:
1. It is necessary to bring the sick person out of badly aired and crowded rooms.
2. The patient needs to be laid conveniently in the quiet place.
3. Giving help has to define existence of pulse, and also its rhythm and frequency. Regular pulse says about normal functioning of heart that it guarantees blood circulation maintenance.
4. It is necessary to try to relieve the intense tension in the patient's environment.
5. If the patient in consciousness, then is recommended acceptance of one of the following drugs - new Passitum (1-2 teaspoons), a valerian (20-30 drops), Corvalol (20-30 drops), valocordin (10-20 drops).

At signs of improvement of health and the general condition of the patient reception of medicines can be carried out during the day in 3-4 hours, at the same time obligatory consultation of the doctor is required.
If the condition of the patient does not improve or even worsens at the available general weakness, the amplifying pain around heart, it is necessary to report immediately about it to the doctor of the nearest policlinic or to call "ambulance".
In the above described situation it is recommended to avoid forcing of the atmosphere of concern that negatively influences a condition of the patient, it is not necessary to do massage, to carry out grinding of muscles of extremities, and also to do cold compresses in a breast.
Treatment of a cardioneurosis is quite complex and labor-consuming challenge. The course of a disease most often long, deterioration occurs thanks to the ordinary "everyday" conflicts, and to isolate the patient from them rather difficult.
The doctor appoints treatment depending on a neurosis form. But first of all, he has to find out in detail disease origins, conduct full medical examination of an organism, eliminate the reasons injuring a nervous system. With a hypersthenic form of neurosis for increase in an excitation threshold it is reasonable to people to accept in small doses one of the following drugs – amizyl, Meprotanum, chlordiazepoxide, Trioxazinum, Theralenum (1 tablet once a day, duration – 7-10 days).
At a hyposthenic form of neurosis use the fortifying, stimulating the central nervous system medicines – diazepam, Trioxazinum, элеутерококк, vitamins, Securininum and oxygen cocktail. To emotional people with existence of neurosis of persuasive states and the raised impressionability, it is recommended to use such medicines as drugs of a hawthorn, a valerian and motherwort. The good effect is observed at reception of small doses (1 tablet a day) an eunoktin and Seduxenum within 7 – 10 days.
In initial stages of a cardioneurosis acceptance of above-mentioned means leads to effective elimination of attacks. Most often patients accept medicines one-time, to the following attack that is extremely not desirable. It can lead to chronic diseases, especially if at the patient in addition the hypertension, heart disease, sclerous changes of a myocardium, atherosclerosis of coronary arteries is observed.