Diseases of joints

Description:

Distinguish diseases of joints — independent and secondary joint syndromes when damage of joints is only a symptom of other pathological process.

Independent diseases of joints are divided into arthritises, arthroses.

Symptoms of Diseases of joints:

Pseudorheumatism - an autoimmune disease which leads to a chronic inflammation of joints besides circumarticular and some other fabrics, bodies and systems of an organism therefore the pseudorheumatism is carried to general diseases are surprised.
Pseudorheumatism – a chronic disease of joints, it has gradually progressing current which sometimes is interrupted by remissions (the periods of temporary improvement). The inflammation of a joint is characterized by its swelling, morbidity and sometimes emergence of redness. As it was already told, at a pseudorheumatism can also circumarticular fabrics – sheaves and muscles will inflame. The chronic inflammation of a joint leads to destruction of a joint cartilage and emergence of deformation of a joint that in turn, breaks its function – there are oxycinesias and rigidity.
Reactive arthritis - the inflammatory not purulent diseases of joints developing after an acute intestinal or urinogenital infection. The disease arises at young men more often.
At reactive arthritis defeat of one of joints of the lower extremities is characteristic (knee, talocrural). Damage of sacroiliac joints is possible. At a reactive artriteneredko there is an inflammation of sheaves and sinews (for example, damage of an Achilles tendon). Damage of mucous membranes can be shown by conjunctivitis, development of erosion in an oral cavity, an urethritis. On skin of a bottom part of feet, less often than palms there are painless focal or compared sites of consolidation – a keratodermia. In some cases there can be a damage of nails (dystrophic changes).
Psoriasis arthritis – the chronic progressing disease of joints associated with psoriasis.
Prevalence of psoriasis in population makes 2-3%, and prevalence of arthritis among patients with psoriasis fluctuates from 13.5 to 47%. The most often psoriasis arthritis begins aged from 20 up to 50 years, and men and women get sick equally often. Cases of especially heavy course of psoriasis arthritis occur at young men. The reason of psoriasis and psoriasis arthritis is unknown now. Prevention of psoriasis arthritis is not developed, due to the lack of knowledge of its reason. The so-called secondary prevention  (i.e. prevention of an aggravation of symptoms of patients later began a disease) directed to preservation of functional capacity of joints and delay of rates of progressing of psoriasis arthritis is carried out.
The infectious arthritis called by also septic arthritis or piogenic arthritis is the serious infectious disease of joints which is characterized by pain, temperature, a fever, reddening and hypostasis of one or several joints, and also loss of mobility of the affected joints. This state demands emergency medical service.

Reasons of Diseases of joints:

Inflammatory process in a synovial membrane with the subsequent destruction of a cartilage is the cornerstone of arthritises. The clinical picture is characterized by fever, severe pain, hypostasis of circumarticular fabrics.

The degenerative process beginning with a joint cartilage and deformation of joint surfaces of bones is the cornerstone of arthrosis. Clinical picture: there is no fever, hurt less intensive, inflammatory process is poorly expressed.

Degenerative damages of joints on prevalence win first place. Mainly, hip, knee joints, and also interphalangeal joints of brushes are surprised.

Treatment of Diseases of joints:

Distinguish from methods of treatment of diseases of joints:
medicamentous,
blockade,
physiotherapeutic,
remedial gymnastics,
method of manual therapy,
operational method.
Medicines which are appointed to the patient at arthroses and arthritises possess, in the majority, action which is directed only to removal of a painful symptom and inflammatory reaction. Thus, these drugs remove only to some extent painful manifestations, but do not fight against a cause of illness. These are analgetics (including narcotic), nesterodiny anti-inflammatory drugs, corticosteroids, psychotropic drugs, and muscle relaxants. Ointments and a pulverizing are often applied to external use.
At a blockade method the anesthetizing device is entered directly into the morbidity center – in so-called trigger points in joints, and also to places of neuroplexes.
Within physical therapy it is possible to achieve the following results: the warming-up procedures reduce morning constraint, ultrasound makes micromassage of the struck fabrics, electrostimulation improves joint food.
The joints affected with a disease need the movement therefore under the leadership of the doctor it is necessary to choose the program of exercises of physiotherapy exercises and to define their intensity.
In recent years in treatment of diseases of joints of the increasing popularity manual therapy as in its framework the transition tendency from power methods to soft is available, sparing which are ideal for work with patholologically the changed circumarticular fabrics enjoys. Technology of manual therapy involve reflex mechanisms, impact on which improves a metabolism in the struck elements of a joint and slows down degenerative processes in them. On the one hand, these technicians kill pain (reduce an unpleasant symptom of a disease), on the other hand, regenerations promote, start recovery processes in sick body. If to consider that manual therapy actually has no side effects and does not lead to complications if all contraindications are considered and treatment is carried out by the experienced specialist, then it is clear why today it is so urgent as method of controlling with diseases of joints.
Before sessions of manual therapy massage as the preparatory procedure is often used: it warms muscles and reduces tension.
Surgical treatment is shown only in the remediless, extremely started cases. However before, than to address operation, it is worth thinking one thousand times: first, surgical intervention is always shock for an organism, and secondly, sometimes arthroses just and are a consequence of unsuccessfully performed operations.
Now there was an opportunity to cure diseases of joints, and not just for a while to facilitate a condition of the patient. The main thing not to start a disease and not to try to self-medicate, at the first symptoms it is necessary to see a doctor. The specialist will carry out diagnosis and will pick up an individual course of treatment. The modern sparing treatment methods – massage and manual therapy – will allow to return freedom of movement and to improve quality of life, without bringing the matter to operation or dependence on narcotic anesthetics of drugs.
And in conclusion, it is worth to remember that eating properly and providing to own organism an exercise stress in sufficient volume, you will help the joints to remain healthy, and they in turn, will allow you freely and to move easily.