Ascorbic acid

General characteristics. Structure:

Active agent: ascorbic acid of 50 mg.

Pharmacological properties:

Vitamin C. Ascorbic acid is necessary for formation of intracellular collagen, it is required for strengthening of structure of teeth, bones and walls of capillaries. Participates in redoxreactions, tyrosine metabolism, transformation of folic acid in foliniyevy, metabolism of carbohydrates, synthesis of lipids and proteins, iron metabolism, processes of cellular respiration. Reduces the need for B1, B2, A, E vitamins, folic acid, pantothenic acid, promotes increase in resistance of an organism to infections; improves iron absorption, promoting its deposition in the reduced form. Has antioxidant properties.
At intravaginalny use ascorbic acid reduces рН vaginas, inhibiting growth of bacteria and promotes recovery and maintenance of normal indicators рН and vagina florae (Lactobacillus acidophilus, Lactobacillus gasseri).

Pharmacokinetics. After intake ascorbic acid is completely absorbed from a GIT. It is widely distributed in body tissues.
Concentration of ascorbic acid in a blood plasma normal makes about 10-20 mkg/ml.
Concentration of ascorbic acid in leukocytes and thrombocytes is higher, than in erythrocytes and in plasma. At scarce states concentration in leukocytes decreases later and more slowly and is considered as the best criterion for evaluation of deficit, than concentration in plasma.
Linkng with proteins of plasma makes about 25%.
Ascorbic acid reversibly is oxidized with formation of dehydroascorbic acid, a part is metabolized with formation of ascorbate-2-sulfate which is inactive, and oxalic acid which is removed with urine.
The ascorbic acid accepted in excessive quantities quickly is removed in not changed view with urine, usually it occurs at exceeding of a daily dose of 200 mg.

Indications to use:

For system use: prevention and treatment hypo - and vitamin C avitaminosis; ensuring the increased need of an organism for vitamin C in a growth period, at pregnancy, a lactation, at heavy loadings, overfatigue, in the period of reconvalescence after a long serious illness; during the winter period, at the increased risk of development of infectious diseases.
For intravaginalny use: a chronic or recurrent vaginitis (a bacterial vaginosis, a nonspecific vaginitis) caused by anaerobic flora (owing to the vagina changed рН); for the purpose of normalization of the broken vagina microflora.

Route of administration and doses:

Apply inside, in oil, in/in, intravaginalno.
For prevention of scarce states - 25-75 mg/days, for treatment of 250 mg/days and more in the divided doses.
For intravaginalny use use drugs of ascorbic acid in the corresponding dosage forms.

Features of use:

With care to apply at patients with a hyperoxaluria, renal failures, instructions in the anamnesis on an urolithiasis.
As ascorbic acid increases iron absorption, its use in high doses can be dangerous at patients with hemochromatosis, a thalassemia, a polycythemia, leukemia and sideroblastny anemia.
At patients with the high content of iron in an organism it is necessary to apply ascorbic acid in the minimum doses.
With care to apply at patients with deficit glyukozo-6-fosfatdegidrogenazy.
Use of ascorbic acid in high doses can cause a sickemia aggravation.
Data on diabetogenic effect of ascorbic acid are contradictory. However at prolonged use of ascorbic acid it is necessary to control periodically glucose level in blood.
Believe that use of ascorbic acid for patients with quickly proliferating and widely disseminated tumors, can aggravate the course of process. Therefore it is necessary to apply with care ascorbic acid at patients with the progressing oncological disease.
Absorption of ascorbic acid decreases at the simultaneous use of fresh fruit or vegetable juice, alkaline drink.

Side effects:

- From TsNS: headache, feeling of fatigue, sleeplessness.
- From the alimentary system: stomach spasms, nausea and vomiting.
- Allergic reactions: isolated cases of skin reactions and manifestations from respiratory system are described.
- From an urinary system: at use in high doses - a hyperoxaluria and formation of nephroliths from calcium oxalate.
- Local reactions: at intravaginalny use - burning or an itch in a vagina, strengthening of mucous allocations, a hyperemia, puffiness of a vulva.
- Other: feeling of heat.

Interaction with other medicines:

At simultaneous use with barbiturates, Primidonum excretion of ascorbic acid with urine raises.

At simultaneous use of oral contraceptives concentration of ascorbic acid in a blood plasma decreases.

At simultaneous use with iron preparations ascorbic acid, thanks to the recovering properties, translates trivalent iron in bivalent that promotes improvement of its absorption.

Ascorbic acid in high doses can reduce urine pH that at simultaneous use reduces a canalicular reabsorption of amphetamine and tricyclic antidepressants.

At simultaneous use acetylsalicylic acid reduces absorption of ascorbic acid approximately by a third.

At simultaneous use with warfarin reduction of effects of warfarin is possible.

At simultaneous use ascorbic acid raises iron excretion at the patients receiving Deferoxaminum. At use of ascorbic acid in a dose of 500 mg/days dysfunction of a left ventricle is possible.

At simultaneous use with tetracycline removal of ascorbic acid with urine increases.

The case of reduction of concentration of Fluphenazin in a blood plasma at the patient receiving ascorbic acid on 500 mg 2raza/days is described.

Increase in concentration of ethinylestradiol in a blood plasma at its simultaneous use as a part of contraceptives for intake is possible.

Contraindications:

Hypersensitivity to ascorbic acid.

Use at pregnancy and feeding by a breast
The minimum daily need for ascorbic acid for II and III trimesters of pregnancy makes about 60 mg.
Ascorbic acid gets through a placental barrier. It must be kept in mind that the fruit can adapt to high doses of ascorbic acid which is accepted by the pregnant woman, and then at the newborn development of an ascorbic disease as cancellation reactions is possible. Therefore at pregnancy it is not necessary to accept ascorbic acid in the raised doses, except for cases when the expected advantage exceeds potential risk.
The minimum daily requirement in the period of a lactation (breastfeeding) makes 80 mg. Ascorbic acid is emitted with breast milk. Mother's diet containing adequate amount of ascorbic acid is sufficient for prevention of deficit at the baby. It is unknown whether use by mother of ascorbic acid in high doses is dangerous to the child. Theoretically it is possible. Therefore, it is recommended not to exceed the nursing mother a maximum of daily need for ascorbic acid except for cases when the expected advantage exceeds potential risk.

Use at renal failures
With care to apply at patients with a hyperoxaluria, renal failures, instructions in the anamnesis on an urolithiasis.

Overdose:

There are no data.

Storage conditions:

In the dry, protected from light place, at a temperature not above 25 °C.
To store in the place, unavailable to children.

Issue conditions:

Without recipe

Packaging:

Dragee of 50 mg: 50 pieces.