Cornea burn

Description:

The cornea (cornea) is one of the most important structures of an eye. Owing to the localization it is the most vulnerable department of an eyeglobe. Very serious consequences leading to considerable decrease in sight or a practical blindness is defeat of a cornea at corrosive, thermal and thermochemical burns.

Symptoms of Burns of a cornea:

It is accepted to allocate four degrees of burns of a cornea:

The first degree – weak burns.  Burns of eyes of the first stage are characterized by increase in a krovenapolneniye of fabrics a century and covers of a conjunctiva, a superficial zamutneniye of a corneal cover and its small erosion.

The second degree – burns of moderately severe eyes. At burns of moderately severe eyes on an integument there are bubbles, on a conjunctiva films which can  be removed without effort are formed, the surface of a cornea grows turbid.

The third degree – heavy burns of eyes. At burns of eyes of the third stage there is a dying off of an integument a century, films are quickly formed and are not removed, the corneal layer strongly grows turbid. The cornea becomes similar to the delustred glass.

The fourth degree – burns of eyes of very heavy degree. At such burns of eyes development of extensive dying off of fabrics, a necrosis of a conjunctiva, an eye sclera is characteristic, the cornea is dimmed to the deepest layers and is similar to porcelain.

After process of dying off of affected areas of an integument and covers of an eye the ulcerated surface on which after mending deep hems and scars are formed opens. These elements of connecting fabric promote considerable reduction mucous eyes.

On a cornea of an eye the dimmed sites of different intensity are formed.

When burns of a cornea have difficult character, unions of a sclera of a conjunctiva and skin of a century form. This pathological process carries the name of symblepharon.

Burns of a cornea can be followed by an iridocyclitis, glaucoma of secondary character. If the infection gets into the formed wound, then there is an entophthalmia. All specified phenomena promote development of complications of a burn of a cornea.

At burns of a cornea of the first and second stage forecast, as a rule, favorable.
Burns of a cornea of the third and fourth stage often become the reason of unrecoverable  changes of an arrangement a century, to infection of an eye, formation of a cataract on a corneal cover, to sharp deterioration in sight up to a total blindness.
Prevention of burns of a cornea consists in protection of organs of sight  in the conditions of harmful production, in life and at high temperatures.

Reasons of Burns of a cornea:

Burns of a cornea can  have various origin. Distinguish:

- thermal or thermal burns of a cornea;
- corrosive burns of a cornea.

Treatment of Burns of a cornea:

Acute  management at chemical damages consists in washing of an eyeglobe and nearby fabrics a large amount of water or weak solution of potassium permanganate.

When it is possible, at cornea burns alkaline connections it is necessary to wash out carefully damaged body weak solution of boric acid or not strong solution of acetic acid. If the burn of eyes was put with an aniline pencil, then treatment of a burn of a cornea consists in washing of an eye solution of a tannin or weak acid solution of ascorbic.

The fine particles  of chemical reagent which stuck to a conjunctiva after anesthesia eliminate by means of the cotton plug moistened in liquid, by means of tweezers or a medical needle.

If elimination of foreign  debris in an eye cannot be executed, then injections in a conjunctival sack of kaltsiysoderzhashchy solution are punctured.

After the injured eye managed to be cleared properly, the cavity under centuries is filled with the disinfecting ointments and solutions.

These medicines use at thermal burns of a cornea.

Further treatment of burns of a cornea is carried out in stationary conditions.

In general, treatment of burns of a cornea has to be aimed at preservation of visual function of the injured eye, on data on there are no autoimmune reactions, on prevention of various infectious and noninfectious complications of a burn of a cornea.