Niacin

General characteristics. Structure:

Active ingredient: 10,0 mg of niacin.

Excipients: Natrii hydrocarbonas; water for injections.

The vitamin drug improving the carbohydrate metabolism having vasodilating effect (including on brain vessels), having hypolipidemic activity. Has disintoxication properties.

Pharmacological properties:

Pharmacodynamics. Vitamin and hypolipidemic means. In an organism niacin turns into niacinamide which contacts the coenzymes of a kodegidrogenaza of I and II (NAD and NADF) transferring hydrogen participates in metabolism of fats, proteins, amino acids, purines, tissue respiration, a glycogenolysis, synthetic processes. Fills shortage of RR vitamin (B3 vitamin), is specific antipellagric means (RR vitamin avitaminosis). Normalizes concentration of lipoproteins of blood; in high doses (in 3-4 g/) reduces concentration of the general cholesterol, LPNP, TG, reduces an index cholesterol/phospholipids, increases the maintenance of LPVP having anti-atherogenous effect. Has vazodilatiruyushchy effect at the level of small vessels (including a brain), improves microcirculation, has weak anticoagulating effect (increases fibrinolitic activity of blood).

The Gipokholesterinemichesky effect is noted in several days, decrease in TG - in several hours after reception.

Indications to use:

Hypo - and RR avitaminosis: a pellagra, defective and unbalanced food (including parenteral), a sprue (including against the background of dysfunction of a pancreas), bystry weight loss, a gastrectomy, Hartnup's disease (the hereditary disease which is followed by disturbance of digestion of some amino acids, including tryptophane), gastrointestinal diseases (a gluten enteropathy, persistent diarrhea, tropical a spra, a disease Krone).

Conditions of the increased need of an organism for RR vitamin: long fever, diseases of gepatobiliarny area (acute and chronic hepatitises, cirrhosis), a hyperthyroidism, persistent infections, malignant tumors, a long stress, pregnancy (especially against the background of nicotine and medicinal addiction, polycarpous pregnancy), the lactation period.

Lipidemia, including primary lipidemia (types IIa, IIb, III, IV, V).

The ischemic disturbances of cerebral circulation obliterating diseases of vessels of extremities.

Route of administration and doses:

For prevention of a pellagra by the adult in 15-25 mg/, to children - 5-20 mg / At a pellagra the adult inside on 100 mg 2-4 within 15-20 days, parenterally - on 10 mg 1-2 within 10-15 days. To children inside - 5-50 mg 2-3 According to other indications inside of adult 20-50 mg (to 100 mg), to children - 5-30 mg 2-3 At an ischemic stroke enter into 10 mg.

Features of use:

With care to apply orally at patients with hemorrhages, at glaucoma, gout, a hyperuricemia, a liver failure, arterial hypotension, hyperacid gastritis, a peptic ulcer of a stomach and a duodenum (in a remission phase).

With care to apply parenterally at patients with hemorrhages, at glaucoma, a liver failure, arterial hypotension, hyperacid gastritis, a peptic ulcer of a stomach and a duodenum (in an aggravation phase).

At prolonged use of niacin in high doses development of fatty infiltration of a liver is possible.

In the course of treatment it is necessary to control function of a liver.

It is inexpedient to apply to correction of dislipidemiya at patients with a diabetes mellitus.

For the prevention of complications from a liver it is recommended to include in a diet the products rich with methionine (cottage cheese) or to apply methionine, lipoic acid and other lipotropic means.

Side effects:

From cardiovascular system: a dermahemia of the person and an upper half of a trunk with feeling of a pricking and burning, at bystry introduction - decrease in the ABP, orthostatic hypotension, a collapse.

From TsNS and peripheral nervous system: paresthesias, dizziness.

From the alimentary system: at prolonged use - fatty dystrophy of a liver.

From a metabolism: at prolonged use - a hyperuricemia, decrease in tolerance to glucose, increase in content in blood of nuclear heating plant, LDG, ShchF.

Local reactions: morbidity in the place п / to and injections in oil.

Others: allergic reactions.

Interaction with other medicines:

It is necessary to be careful at a combination with antihypertensives, anticoagulants and acetylsalicylic acid.

Niacin reduces toxicity of Neomycinum and prevents the reduction of concentration of cholesterol and LPVP induced by it

Contraindications:

Hypersensitivity to niacin.

For intake: a peptic ulcer of a stomach and duodenum in an aggravation phase, children's age up to 2 years (as hypolipidemic means).

For parenteral use: heavy arterial hypertension, atherosclerosis, gout, hyperuricemia, children's age.

Overdose:

At long use of niacin are possible: diarrhea, vomiting, anorexia, disturbance functioning and fatty dystrophy of a liver, a hyperuricemia, a hyperglycemia, decrease in tolerance to glucose, an ultseration of a mucous membrane of a stomach, paresthesia, arrhythmia, tranzitorny increase in activity of aspartate aminotransferase, an alkaline phosphatase, lactate dehydrogenase, and also irritation of a mucous membrane of a GIT.

Storage conditions:

List B. To store in the unavailable to children, protected from light place.

Issue conditions:

According to the recipe

Packaging:

Ampoules on 1 ml of drug, on 10 ampoules in packaging.