Eustachitis (Tubo-otitis)
Contents:
Description:
The tubo-otitis (eustachitis) is the catarrh of a mucous membrane of a middle ear which developed owing to dysfunction of an acoustical pipe.
Apply to designation of this pathology, except called, and such terms: acute or chronic catarral average otitis, salpingootit, tubotimpanit, etc. There is no free exudate in a drum cavity at this disease usually, the main role is played by the pathological process in an acoustical pipe leading to disturbance of its functions with moderately expressed inflammation in a drum cavity.
Evstakhiit's (Tubo-otitis) symptoms:
The main symptoms at a tubo-otitis - feeling of a congestion of an ear, a hearing impairment, sometimes noise in an ear, an autophonia (resonating of own voice in a sore ear). Quite often these complaints appear during an acute respiratory infection or in the period of reconvalescence after it. The congestion of an ear can appear in time or after difference of atmospheric pressure, for example when flying in the airplane. Pain and feeling of pressure in an ear can be strong and appear at once at pressure difference or they are expressed slightly, the general state suffers a little.
At an otoskopiya the retraction of tympanic membrane is noted what confirm the seeming shortening of the handle of a hammer, a sharp vystoyaniye towards acoustical pass of a short shoot, front and back folds, at the same time the light cone disappears or is deformed. Sometimes the radial injection of vessels of a tympanic membrane along the handle of a hammer or circular in the field of annulus tympanicus is defined. Hearing at an acute tubo-otitis is reduced moderately - to 20-30 dB, as disturbance of sound carrying out is preferential at low frequencies. Sometimes patients note improvement of hearing after yawning or the proglatyvaniye of saliva which is followed by opening of a gleam of an acoustical pipe.
Evstakhiit's (Tubo-otitis) reasons:
Often the disorder of functions of an acoustical pipe expressed in a varying degree leading to disturbance of ventilation of a drum cavity is the reason of an acute tubo-otitis. Passability of the pharyngeal mouth of a pipe can be broken at spread of an infection from upper respiratory tracts on a mucous membrane of an acoustical pipe. Infection of an acoustical pipe happens at acute respiratory diseases, flu, and at children, besides, at the acute infectious diseases which are followed by Qatar of upper respiratory tracts. The front and back tamponade (at bleeding from a nose or after operation) can also be the cause of an eustachitis. An etiological factor are viruses, streptococci, staphylococcus, etc.
Is longer the efficient causes of disturbance of functions of an acoustical pipe leading to development of a chronic tubo-otitis, adenoid vegetations, various chronic diseases of a nasal cavity and okolonosovy bosoms (chronic purulent or polypostural rinosinusit, especially choanal polyp), a nose partition curvature, a hypertrophy of the back ends of the lower nasal sinks, nasopharynx tumors are.
Sharp differences of atmospheric pressure at rise and descent of the airplane can be the cause of peculiar forms of a tubo-otitis (aero-otitis), at immersion and emersion of divers and submariners (mareotit). Increase in pressure is from the outside transferred worse as it is heavier to air to get into a drum cavity through the squeezed acoustical pipe.
Evstakhiit's (Tubo-otitis) treatment:
Treatment of a disease has to be directed first of all to elimination of the adverse factors influencing a condition of the pharyngeal mouth of an acoustical pipe. With the purpose to reduce puffiness of a mucous membrane in this area to the patient appoint vasoconstrictive drops in a nose: Naphthyzinum, sanorin, тизин, називин, etc. Reduction of puffiness of a mucous membrane is promoted by antihistaminic drugs (Suprastinum, gismanat, кларитин, etc.). To prevent throwing of the infected slime from a nasopharynx through an acoustical pipe in a drum cavity, the patient should be warned against too vigorous smorkaniye. A nose it is necessary to clear serially each half of a nose and at the same time not too to strain. With the same purpose it is not recommended to make blowing off of acoustical pipes on Polittsera. The catheterization (blowing off) of an acoustical pipe which is carried out after a careful anemization of its pharyngeal mouth gives good medical effect. Through a catheter it is possible to enter several drops of 0,1% of solution of adrenaline or suspension of a hydrocortisone into a gleam of an acoustical pipe. Include various physiotherapeutic procedures in a complex of medical actions: Ural federal district, UVCh on a nose, laser therapy on area of the mouth of an acoustical pipe, a pneumomassage of a tympanic membrane.
The acute tubo-otitis at adequate treatment passes usually for several days. Efficiency of treatment of a chronic tubo-otitis depends on timely elimination of pathology of a nasal cavity, okolonosovy bosoms and a nasopharynx which promote emergence and support a current of a tubo-otitis.
