Sprains

Description:

Sprain — the injury arising owing to impact on the copular device of a joint of the loading exceeding elasticity of fabrics.

Symptoms of Sprains:

There are three severity of sprain:

    * The I degree – small pain because of a rupture of several fibers of a sheaf.
    * The II degree – moderate pain, hypostasis and disability.
    * The III degree – severe pain because of a rupture of a sheaf and the subsequent instability of a joint.

Reasons of Sprains:

Stretching and rupture of joint sheaves arise at the sharp movements in a joint which are exceeding its normal amplitude and not matching its normal direction. The ankle joint is most often injured, knee is more rare. Constant pain, hemorrhage in the place of an injury, sharp restriction of function of a joint and morbidity are characteristic of a rupture of sheaves at a palpation. At stretching and a rupture of sheaves the extremity, unlike changes, is not deformed.

Treatment of Sprains:

The first minutes after an injury impose ice on the injured joint, then fix a joint an elastic roller, but do not roll up too hardly not to break blood circulation. The ankle joint is bent at the same time at an angle 90 °. An ankle joint the bandage is applied as follows: do a tour around the lower part of a shin, then a slanting round from an internal anklebone to a foot little finger small pillow, a round around foot at the level of small pillows of fingers, then a slanting round from a thumb small pillow to an outside anklebone, carry out bandage around a shin again and again repeat rounds around foot from above of previous. If the victim has feeling of numbness in the bandaged extremity, the bandage should be weakened. From above bandage it is useful to put to the injured place pounded ice in a cellophane package again. Next day after an injury ice should not be put, it is better to do heat baths and to impose Unguentum Heparini on a sore joint (ointment is imposed a thin layer on the site of 3-5 cm in the diameter and carefully rub in skin; it is so possible to do 2-3 times a day). For anesthesia it is possible to give analginum or aspirin (doses see in the section "High Temperature of a Body"). If in 2-3 days of pain did not decrease and the tumor in the place of an injury does not descend, address the surgeon.