Keratoconjunctivitis

Description:

The keratoconjunctivitis is inflammatory, preferential viral disease at which the cornea and a conjunctiva of an eye at the same time are surprised.

Keratoconjunctivitis symptoms:

Dry keratoconjunctivitis (syndrome of a dry eye) — a dystrophic disease of a conjunctiva and cornea.
Development of a disease is caused by the progressing atrophy of the lacrimal glands, reduction of products of a tear and change of its structure or difficulty of receipt of a tear in a conjunctival sac (scarring of the conjunctival arches after burns of an eye, some conjunctivitis — diphtherias, trachomas). The protective precorneal film protecting an epithelium of a conjunctiva and a cornea from drying and keratinization is as a result broken, cornea dystrophy with decrease in its transparency, deterioration in sight develops, and the softening and perforation of a cornea with loss of covers or contents of an eye is in rare instances possible.
Take place of the complaint to gripes, constant feeling of a foreign body after centuries, a photophobia, the nictitating spasm considerably breaking quality of life of the patient, and also feeling of an itch, burning and weight in centuries, lack of tears when crying, reddening eyes. At simultaneous defeat of other excretory glands in an organism of the patient disturb dryness in a mouth and in a pharynx (depression of function of sialadens), dryness and a peeling of skin (dysfunction of sweat glands), dryness mucous etc. Objectively at biomicroscopy the moderate hyperemia of a conjunctiva, a viscous filamentous secret in a conjunctival sac, the grayish ochazhka of desquamation of an epithelium of a boulevard conjunctiva (the I stage) and a horizontal average zone of a cornea (the II stage) within the opened palpebral fissure which are painted flyuorestseiny are noted. In later stages of a disease on a cornea the dot centers of a local hyperkeratosis having an appearance of the threads attached by one end to a cornea epithelium, and another — freely hanging down in a conjunctival sac are formed (a filamentous keratitis — the III stage). The final stage of a dry keratoconjunctivitis (IV) is characterized by a xerosis (keratinization) of extensive sites of a cornea with its opacification and considerable deterioration in sight, threat of a perforation of a wall of an eye. The research of secretory function of the lacrimal gland reveals its sharp decrease.
The disease has a chronic current with remissions, both eyes are usually affected, however the second eye is involved later. The dry keratoconjunctivitis develops preferential at women at the age of 45 — 60 years, the beginning often matches approach of a climax. The contributing factor are rhematoid polyarthritis, general diseases of connecting fabric.
Types of a keratoconjunctivitis:
1. Dry
2. Hydrosulphuric
3. Tubercular and allergic (scrofulous)
4. Herpetic
5. Tayddzhesona

Keratoconjunctivitis reasons:

The etiology of a keratokonjyuktivit is various - a herpes infection, effect of hydrogen sulfide, tubercular and allergic defeat, defeat of the lacrimal glands, a chlamydial infection.

Treatment of the Keratoconjunctivitis:

Therapy of a keratoconjunctivitis is carried out depending on etiological factors which led to its development.
At a herpetic keratoconjunctivitis purpose of antiviral drugs is shown.
Treatment of a dry keratoconjunctivitis local conservative, is directed to preservation of the wet precorneal film protecting a cornea from an epithelium metaplasia: instillation of an artificial tear (лакрисин, трисоль, solution of hydrosodium carbonate of 2%, etc.), jelly of Actovegin, solution of a taufon of 4%; reduction of outflow of a tear from a conjunctival sac (blockade by silicone caps of the lacrimal openings or coagulation of the last), prevention of infection of a conjunctiva and cornea (eye drops of solution of levomycetinum of 0,25%, a sulfacetamide of sodium of 30%). The general therapy is carried out to destination and under control of the specialist rheumatologist.
The forecast is adverse. Preservation of visual functions and satisfactory quality of life is possible at early diagnosis and an initiation of treatment in the I—II stages, before emergence of a filamentous keratitis.