Otosclerosis
Description:
The otosclerosis represents the progressing degenerative disease at which functioning of acoustical stones on average to fish soup is broken that leads to gradual decrease in hearing. The progressing decrease in hearing is a consequence of fixing of a stirrup in an oval window of a vestibular mechanism.
Otosclerosis symptoms:
The otosclerosis is usually shown by conductive type of a hearing disorder. At the beginning one ear most often is surprised, but gradually process of an otosclerosis affects also the second ear. At a research during an audiometriya defeat of transfer of low frequencies of a sound, and later and high frequencies is noted. In late stages of a disease also neurosensory relative deafness joins.
The otosclerosis occurs approximately at 0,5% of the population. Modern researches of a problem of an otosclerosis showed that this state can be noted at 10% of people, however not always it is shown.
At an otosclerosis the sclerosis centers on average to fish soup are observed. It means that at the patient mobility of acoustical stones, namely in the place of an attachment of a stirrup to an oval window therefore transfer of sound vibrations is broken as if decreases.
Otosclerosis reasons:
Now the reasons of an otosclerosis are not studied. The disease meets more often at women, in the period of puberty, periods, pregnancy, feedings by a breast and a climax.
Risk factors of an otosclerosis.
Among risk factors of development of an otosclerosis such states are noted:
* A long current of a chronic inflammation of a middle ear at which there is a partial or full necrosis of acoustical stones. At a necrosis of a junction of an anvil and a stirrup fibrosis which limits transfer of sound vibrations on acoustical stones can be formed.
* Inborn fixing of a stirrup.
* Pedzhet's disease.
* Congenital anomalies of development of acoustic organs.
Treatment of the Otosclerosis:
Treatment of an otosclerosis is carried out by two methods: this use of hearing aids or an operative measure – a stapedectomy. Hearing aids can effectively help to cope with a hearing disorder only at early stages of a disease.
Among surgical ways of treatment of an otosclerosis the stapedectomy is noted. This intervention which is carried out on a stirrup. It is carried out in case there is a fixing of a stirrup to other acoustical stones or to an oval window. Operation consists a stirrup and replacement with its prosthesis at a distance, or in a stirrup the small opening becomes and the thin prosthesis like the valve is inserted into it.
This operation is called a stapedotomiya. These operations yield good result at the patients suffering from an otosclerosis – disturbance of mobility of acoustical stones on average to fish soup. Positive takes are noted at nine of ten patients who underwent this operation, at less than 1% of the operated patients operation was inefficient.
