Polycystosis of ovaries

The polycystosis of ovaries is the quite widespread hormonal disease at women leading to infertility. This disturbance is characterized by absence or an irregularity of an ovulation on a specific phase of a cycle. It is caused by increase in ovaries and contents in them a large number small not developing a follicle, filled with liquid which call cysts. The hormonal imbalance which is provoked by this disease leads to various external and internal disturbances of a female body.

Reasons of a polycystosis of ovaries

The exact reasons of a polycystosis of ovaries still remain unknown, however is clear that at this disease in a female body there is a development of excess quantity of androgens (men's hormones). It is explained by the high level of insulin in blood to which the organism reacts excess products of androgens. This fact leads to disturbance of balance of women's and men's hormones, than and the rare ovulation or its absence in general is caused. Among the most common causes of a polycystosis of ovaries it is possible to call the following:

• Heredity;
• Nervous stresses and emotional overstrain;
• Catarrhal diseases (in particular, quinsy);
• Change of climate.

Most often disturbances of functions of the following bodies act as the reasons of a polycystosis of ovaries:

• Yaichnikov;
• Thyroid gland;
• Hypothalamus;
• Hypophysis;
• Nadpochechnikov.

Early detection of the reason of a polycystosis of ovaries and its treatment helps to avoid various complications which are characteristic of this disease. It should be noted that their number includes some cardiovascular diseases, and also a diabetes mellitus.

Symptoms of a polycystosis of ovaries

Clinically the polycystosis of ovaries is shown differently depending on an origin. However there are specific symptoms of this disease on which it is possible to judge its existence at the woman:

• Absence or irregular periods (sometimes delays up to 35 days);
• The strengthened growth of hair most often on a face, around a breast and a stomach, is more rare – on spin, in a groin, on hands and legs;
• Uterine bleedings;
• Spots and acne rash;
• Fine hair or baldness;
• Obesity in hips and a waist and total magnification of body weight;
• The increased arterial pressure;
• Increase in ovaries and education of cysts in them;
• Not incubation of pregnancy or infertility.

In some cases as a symptom of a polycystosis of ovaries also darkening of skin on a nape, in axillary hollows, on the interior of hips, in inguinal area, under mammary glands can act. Such phenomenon in medicine is called an akantokeratodermiya.

Besides, some symptoms of a polycystosis of ovaries are similar to such signs of a diabetes mellitus as the raised mocheotdeleniye, increase in body weight, persistent skin infections and candidiasis or the vaginal milkwoman.

Together with it it is possible to claim that the most right symptoms of a polycystosis of ovaries are disturbances of a menstrual cycle or lack of periods in general, and also increase in ovaries most of which often comes to light by means of BONDS inspections.

Usually this disease develops in the period of puberty or is specific from the beginning of periods. Quantity of periods less than 8 times a year already tell an interval between periods which makes more than 35 days or about existence of serious violations in a female body. If similar deviations are observed, the probability of development of a polycystosis of ovaries increases.

Treatment of a polycystosis of ovaries

Today treatment of a polycystosis of ovaries is performed in two ways: conservative and operational. The first way assumes use of various hormonal drugs stimulating growth and development of one or several mature follicles in ovaries thereby causing an ovulation. Efficiency of a conservative method makes about 50%.

The second way of treatment of a polycystosis of ovaries practices from the beginning of the century and represents surgical intervention on ovaries which allows to achieve an ovulation (efficiency makes about 90%) and recovery of genital function (occurs in 70% of cases).

The conservative way is directed to elimination at the woman of clinical displays of a disease. In some cases at treatment of a polycystosis of ovaries use of oral contraceptives within 2-3 months which have anti-androgenic properties is appointed. During this period work of ovaries is normalized, and the ovulation is recovered. Thus, the question whether it is possible to become pregnant at a polycystosis of ovaries, can have affirmative answer. Such way is used also for women who do not plan pregnancy as it eliminates hormonal disturbances in general.

If this method is inefficient, then the standard technique directed to stimulation of an ovulation is carried out. This course lasts of 4 months before half a year. He assumes use of specific hormones in the first phase of a cycle, then an ovulation stimulator at development of a follicle, and then various drugs designed to support its functions. At treatment of a polycystosis of ovaries medicines for weight reduction are quite often used. In certain cases decrease in body weight helps to recover an ovulation.

The operational method of treatment of a disease is based on destruction or removal of a part of an ovary which synthesizes androgens. It is necessary to tell that effect at this way quite short-term as the ovary is quickly recovered. Therefore if similar operation was performed, at a polycystosis of ovaries it is possible to become pregnant within 4-5 months until recovery occurred.

This method is carried out by means of a wedge-shaped resection or laparoscopic electrothermic coagulation of ovaries. In the first case a small part of ovaries on both sides is removed, the ovulation is recovered in 85% of cases. The second method is considered more sparing as at it on ovaries notches in several places just become. It considerably reduces risk of emergence of commissures in a small basin.