Vancomycinum

Vancomycinum – antibiotic drug of group of glycopeptides.

Form of release and structure

Vancomycinum is released in the form of powder (lyophilisate) for preparation of solution for infusions (on 0,5 g or 1 g in glass bottles, 1 bottle in a cardboard pack).

Active agent – Vancomycinum (in the form of a hydrochloride).

Indications to use

Drug is appointed for treatment of the infectious and inflammatory diseases of a heavy current caused by activators, sensitive to active agent (Vancomycinum) (at inefficiency or intolerance of treatment other antibiotics, including cephalosporins or penicillin), such as:

• Sepsis;
• Infections of bones, joints, soft tissues and skin;
• Abscess of lungs;
• Pneumonia;
• Endocarditis (as monotherapy or along with other antibiotic drugs);
• Meningitis;
• The pseudomembranous colitis caused by Clostridium difficile.

Contraindications

Contraindications to use of Vancomycinum are:

• Neuritis of an acoustical nerve;
• The expressed renal failures;
• Period of a lactation and I trimester of pregnancy;
• Hypersensitivity to drug components.

Use in the I trimester of pregnancy is contraindicated that it is connected with risk of development from - and nephrotoxicity. In the II-III trimesters use of drug is possible only according to vital indications.

Breastfeeding is recommended to be stopped for the period of performing therapy in the period of a lactation.

Route of administration and dosage

Vancomycinum is entered intravenously kapelno:

• The adult – each 6 hours on 500 mg or each 12 hours on 1000 mg;
• To children – 40 mg/kg a day.

To avoid kollaptoidny reactions duration of infusion has to make not less than 1 hour.

At patients with disturbance of secretory function of kidneys the dosage is reduced taking into account KK values.

The maximum daily adult dose – 3000-4000 mg.

Side effects

• Cardiovascular system: shock, inflows, a cardiac standstill, a lowering of arterial pressure (generally these symptoms are connected with bystry infusion of drug);
• Alimentary system: nausea;
• System of a hemopoiesis: thrombocytopenia, eosinophilia, neutropenia, agranulocytosis;
• Sense bodys: a ring in ears, вертиго, ototoksichesky effects;
• Urinary system: change of functional renal tests, intersticial nephrite, renal failure;
• Allergic reactions: Stephens-Johnson's syndrome, small tortoiseshell, vasculitis, toxic epidermal necrolysis. Directly in process, or shortly later, too bystry infusion anaphylactoid reactions are possible;
• Dermatological reactions: pruritic dermatosis, exfoliative dermatitis, rash, high-quality bubbly dermatosis;
• Others: medicinal fever, a fever, pain and a necrosis of fabrics in places of injections, thrombophlebitises. At bystry intravenous administration development of the "syndrome of a red neck" caused by release of a histamine is possible: faint, skin rash, erythema, reddening of hands, persons, upper half of a trunk, neck, temperature increase, tachycardia, vomiting, fever.

Special instructions

Drug should be used with care in the II-III trimesters of pregnancy, at moderate and easy renal failures, a hearing disorder (including in the anamnesis). During therapy by the patient with diseases of kidneys and/or damage of the VIII couple of ChMN it is necessary to carry out control of hearing and function of kidneys.

Intramuscular introduction of Vancomycinum is not assumed that it is connected with high risk of development of a necrosis of fabrics.

At use of drug for patients of advanced age or newborns it is necessary to control concentration of active agent in a blood plasma.

Medicinal interaction

Simultaneous use of local anesthetics and Vancomycinum can lead to development of histamine-like inflows, an erythema and an acute anaphylaxis.

At combined use with Cisplatinum, aminoglycosides, furosemide, Amphotericinum In, polymyxins and cyclosporine note strengthening nefro-and ototoksichesky action.

Terms and storage conditions

To store in protected from light, the place, unavailable to children, at a temperature up to 25 °C.

Period of validity – 2 years.