Cystine (cystine hydrochloride, E921 nutritional supplement) – aliphatic sulfur-containing amino acid. In a human body this amino acid creates and supports tertiary structure of proteins and peptides. It is a part of immunoglobulins, insulin and somatostatin.
Multicystine in fish, oats, soy, rice, wheat, an egg yolk, onions and garlic suffices. Commercially cystine is produced in the form of colourless hexagon crystals of willows a type of powder.
Cystine – steadier form of amino acid of cysteine. Substance melts at a temperature of 247-249 °C. Cystine – powerful antioxidant. During metabolism of this connection the sulphuric acid connecting toxic metals and destructive free radicals is formed. In some reviews of cystine is confirmed that this amino acid in therapeutic doses protects from influence of radiation and X-ray. Substance starts cleaning processes in an organism at impact on it of the contaminated air, chemicals.
The main role of this amino acid is its use in the medical purposes. Connection is included in structure of a large amount of the medicines necessary for complex therapy of various diseases. Medicines on the basis of cystine have hepatotropic, antioxidant, detoksikatsionny, reparative, immunomodulatory, wound healing, mucolytic and expectorant effect. At regular use cystine improves a condition of integuments, activates processes of regeneration in nail plates, hair, and also reduces risk of development of a cataract and cancer. Medical supplies with cystine participate in exchange cellular and fabric processes, activate biochemical reactions, strengthen an organism in general, increasing resistance to stressful situations and infections. Cystine promotes reduction of pain at various inflammations, accelerates processes of healing and stimulates activity of leukocytes.
Drugs on the basis of cystine are appointed at Alzheimer's disease, anemias of various origin, diseases of respiratory system (bronchitis and pneumonia), and also at alcoholism, cystitis, at proteinaceous starvation and serious infectious diseases. At emphysema, atherosclerosis, a pseudorheumatism, diseases of skin, fragility of hair, alopecias it is also very useful to use drugs on the basis of this substance.
In the food industry E921 additive is applied to improvement of quality of flour and bakery products. Cystine stabilizes color of foodstuff, and also improves its outward.
Combined use of cystine and B1 and C vitamins reduces efficiency of insulin. Therefore at a diabetes mellitus this connection should be accepted only on doctor's orders. Use of amino acid is contraindicated at a cystinuria. During pregnancy and during breastfeeding substance should be used with care.
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