First aid at dislocation

Dislocation this steady shift of the joint ends of bones therefore the joint ceases to perform the function. Dislocation – one of heavy and, unfortunately, frequent injuries and though it is considered less dangerous, than, for example, a change, its effects can be not less, and even more serious, especially if the large joint is injured.

To understand what represents this type of injuries and the nobility as it is correct to give first aid at dislocation, it is necessary to remember a joint structure.

What is a joint

The joint is the connection of bones providing the movement in an extremity. The joint is formed by the joint ends of two bones covered with cartilaginous tissue which will amortize and softens friction at the movement. Sometimes in a joint there is an additional cartilage as a peculiar laying, for example a meniscus in a knee joint. Joint parts of bones are put into a so-called joint bag in which there is a synovial fluid. Sheaves which strongly connect its components among themselves also belong to a joint. Thus, the joint is very strong design capable to maintain serious loading.

As dislocation, its diagnostic characters is formed

Dislocation happens when on a joint sharp and excessive impact, as a rule, in the direction unusual for the movement in this joint is made. In this case a joint part of a bone finds anatomically correct way out, at the same time the joint bag can be damaged, be broken off sheaves and blood vessels, to be squeezed and be damaged nerve terminations.

Most often there are dislocations (on decrease): finger, shoulder, foot, elbow, temporal and mandibular joint, knee, hip joint.

Before beginning to give first aid at dislocation, it is necessary to be convinced available its symptoms.

Signs that there was dislocation are:

• Sharp joint pain;
• Unnatural position of an extremity;
• Impossibility of the movement in a joint or sharp restriction of its mobility, strengthening of pain in attempt of the movement.

As a rule, the joint at dislocation changes a form that is especially noticeable at people of a thin constitution. The traumatic hypostasis caused by damage of blood vessels, and sometimes and an exit of synovial fluid from a joint bag is also quite often formed.

Differs from less dangerous injuries, such as sprain or a bruise, dislocation in the fact that the signs described above do not accrue gradually, and are shown right after an injury. If you are not sure of what injury occurred, it is better to assume heavier option and to give first aid demanded at dislocation. If afterwards it turns out that the diagnosis is wrong, and actually there was sprain, it will not have any negative effects. It is much more dangerous to underestimate an injury.

First-aid treatment at dislocation

Probably, everyone heard that dislocation is treated by reposition. However not all know that categorically it is not recommended to do it to the nonspecialist as inept actions can aggravate considerably an injury, and in hard cases to lead to final fracture of a joint and the subsequent disability.

If the nature of an injury allows to assume dislocation, it is necessary to bring the patient to emergency station or traumatologic department of hospital as soon as possible. There will make a x-ray film of an extremity for confirmation of the preliminary diagnosis, and will give help.

The pre-medical help consists in the following:

1. The joint has to be immobilized, and – Attention! – in that situation in which it is after an injury. Neither to straighten an extremity, nor it is not necessary to turn it. For fixing of a joint impose the tire, as well as at a change. If there was dislocation of a hip joint, injured it is necessary to lay, bandage the injured leg to healthy and to transport in a prone position on a rigid stretcher or the subject replacing them;
2. To put a bubble with ice or other cold subject (for example, a water bottle from the refrigerator, etc.) to an affected joint to reduce hypostasis;
3. It is possible to give to the victim anesthetic. Analginum, Paracetamol, Nimesil or any other analgetic will approach. It is necessary to remember that if there is no acute pain, then and there is no need for reception of an analgetic as full anesthesia can complicate diagnosis;

To take the victim to the nearest hospital or emergency station, or to wait for arrival of ambulance.