Abstinence syndrome

Disease state of abstinence develops after the termination of reception of psychoactive agents and demonstrates dependence formation. When the abstinence syndrome is noted, the patient has an alcoholism disorder. It depends on many factors, such as:

• Duration of abuse of alcohol;
• Genetic predisposition;
• Age at which the person begins to be fond of alcohol;
• Initial state of health.

The person who daily accepts insignificant doses of alcohol "for health", anyway, receives dependence on reception of alcohol. A large amount of the alcohol accepted once promotes the fastest formation of alcoholism.

The passion to alcohol is not descended, however the child has a predisposition in a family of alcoholics. As a rule, the abstinence syndrome at such children develops in the nearest future. Sometimes less than one year of "experience" are enough.

Early "acquaintance" to alcohol promotes development of dependence on alcohol. At a certain heredity, even late hobby, after 30-40 years almost instantly transfers a hungover state to an abstinence syndrome which testifies to alcoholism.

The state of health, including hereditary features, influences development of alcoholism. The people born in the north have no reserve of the enzyme processing alcohol. All internal fight against alcohol at such people is limited to work of hepatic alcohol dehydrogenase. Whereas at southerners about 30% of alcohol are processed by muscular tissue. Less the liver and a brain suffers. Therefore, the abstinence syndrome at people southern develops much later. Not only Chukchi and Aleuts, but also Russians treat northern nationalities. Therefore Slavs also enter into risk group on development of alcoholism.

Alcoholic abstinence syndrome

There are accurate criteria of the beginning of alcoholism. First of all, the emetic reflex on surplus of the drunk alcohol disappears. The organism perceives it as due and does not try to resist excessive "injection". Vomiting is returned after a while, but it is not connected with alcohol intake. On the contrary, the alcoholic abstinence syndrome provokes an emetic reflex as display of intoxication.

The hungover state at the person passes by a lunch of the next day whereas abstinence begins in the late afternoon. That is, since morning the patient feels bad, and by the evening – it is even worse.

Afterwards morbid condition drags on for several days. Reception of alcohol leads to imaginary improvement of health. After a while the condition of the alcoholic only worsens.

Abstinence syndrome, symptoms

The condition of abstinence is characterized by defeat of a nervous system. Myelin covers of nervous tissue are dissolved by alcohol decomposition products, nervous transfer is slowed down in tens of times. Externally it looks block, dysmnesias, a low threshold of sensitive nerve fibrils. The developed abstinence syndrome, symptoms has not only neurologic, but also concerning all bodies and systems which are innervated by myelin nerve fibrils.

First of all analyzers suffer. Insignificant noise in normal conditions is capable to enrage the patient who is in deep abstinence.

At the level of higher nervous activity defeat of nerve fibrils leads to true hallucinations. Patients see frightening pictures with participation of small monsters and "green chertik". Sensation of fear constantly accompanies the person at whom the abstinence syndrome develops, at the same time the patient not in forces to explain why it is so terrible to it to cross the street, the bridge through the river and other insignificant obstacles.

Damages of a liver lead to development of chronic hepatitis, with a tendency of transition to portal cirrhosis. At the same time not only the alimentary system, but also hemopoietic suffers. And only removal of an abstinence syndrome interferes with a lethal outcome. Otherwise, wet brain which leads to shutdown of the centers of breath and blood circulation develops.

Treatment of an abstinence syndrome

The condition of abstinence represents the pathology demanding immediate medical intervention. In narcology removal of an abstinence syndrome is a foremost problem of the emergency help. The patient needs to be hospitalized. To it the intensive care directed to removal of a syndrome of intoxication is carried out. From an organism it is forced alcohol decomposition products which strike a nervous system are removed.

In addition to infusions of solutions of electrolytes, to the patient sedative, somnolent, vasodilating drugs are appointed. In hard cases if necessary resuscitation events are held. Certainly, treatment of an abstinence syndrome is carried out only by specialists doctors of the narcological center. In house conditions to get rid of abstinence it is difficult. Even independently last condition of a tremens does not guarantee full treatment.

The abstinence syndrome is inclined to a recurrence therefore the patient needs to stop the use of alcoholic drinks. Each repeated emergency state leads to the next irreversible shift of higher nervous activity. Repeatedly repeating attacks of abstinence promote alcoholic deterioration of the personality.

Abstinence syndrome, prevention

To avoid the unpleasant effects connected with alcohol it is necessary after the first hungover state, to stop alcohol intake, at least, for three weeks. It is required for recovery of myelin fibers of a nervous system so much. Repeated "libation" aggravates primary defeat and promotes development of abstinence which precisely indicates formation of alcoholism.