Diacarbum

Diacarbum – the synthetic drug which is actively strengthening a mocheotdeleniye. It is widely used as diuretic at a delay in an organism of sodium and water at treatment and the prevention of hypostases of various origin.

Pharmacological properties

The main active ingredient of Diacarbum — acetazoleamide. Strengthens a mocheotdeleniye, improves a water salt metabolism without breaking acid-base balance.

It is effective at epilepsy and Menyer's disease. Duration of effect of drug – till 12 o'clock.

Release form

Diacarbum is released in the form of round flat tablets of white color. Each tablet contains 250 mg of active ingredient – acetazoleamide, and excipients – talc, potato starch, sodium starched glycollate. On 12 pieces in the blister, on the 2nd pack in cardboard packaging.

Indications to use of Diacarbum

Diacarbum is applied to treatment:

• Primary and secondary glaucoma, and also at a bad attack;
• Edematous syndrome (at a circulatory unefficiency, cirrhosis, insufficiency of kidneys, a pulmonary and vascular syndrome);
• Epilepsies as a part of a combination therapy;
• Menyer's diseases;
• Gouts;
• Conditions of premenstrual tension;
• Emphysemas of lungs and bronchial asthma;
• Acute hypobaropathy.

Use of Diacarbum is contraindicated at:

• Diabetes mellitus;
• Acute renal and liver failure;
• Hypersensitivity to active ingredient;
• Hypopotassemias;
• Acidosis;
• Hypocorticoidism;
• Uraemias;
• Addison's diseases.

Drug with care is appointed at hypostases of hepatic and renal genesis and at joint reception with satsetilsalitsilovy acid (in high doses).

Diacarbum is contraindicated to use at pregnancy and in the period of a lactation.

Application instruction of Diacarbum

Diacarbum according to the instruction is appointed the adult in the following doses:

• At an edematous syndrome – in the morning, 1 time a day in a dose of 250-375 mg. The best effect is reached at the following scheme: reception every other day or two days running with a one-day break. At use of Diacarbum therapy of a circulatory unefficiency, including cardiac glycosides and observance of a low-salt diet, should not be cancelled;
• At an open angle glaucoma appoint 250 mg 1-4 times a day. It is necessary to consider that increase in a dose more than 1 g does not increase therapeutic effect;
• At bad attacks of glaucoma drug is appointed on 250 mg of 6 times a day through equal intervals;
• At secondary glaucoma drug is appointed in the same dose, by only each 4 hours. Sometimes the therapeutic effect is shown after short-term administration of drug on 250 mg 2 times a day;
• At epilepsy appoint 250-500 mg a day one-time within 3 days, and for the fourth day do a break;
• At a mountain disease appoint the raised dose – 500-1000 mg a day; and in cases of bystry ascension – on 1000 mg a day, having divided in equal doses into several receptions. Drug should be used before ascension, in 24-48 hours. If symptoms of a disease were shown, it is necessary to continue treatment within the next two days or, if necessary, more.

At the accidental admission of reception of Diacarbum it is not necessary to increase a dose at the next reception.

To children at epilepsy according to the instruction Diacarbum is appointed in the following doses:

• From 4 to 12 months – 50 mg a day, having divided into two receptions;
• From 2 to 3 years – 50-125 mg a day, having also divided a dose into two receptions;
• From 4 to 18 years – 125-250 mg a day one-time, are better in the morning.

If with Diacarbum other anticonvulsant drugs are at the same time used, then in an initiation of treatment apply only one tablet, and in case of need the dose can be increased gradually, but not to apply more than 750 mg a day.

To children at glaucoma attacks the daily dose is expected – on 10-15 mg body weight kg, and divided into 3-4 receptions in equal parts.

Often to children about one year appoint Diacarbum and the Asparkam as a part of complex therapy at treatment of the increased intracranial pressure and hydrocephaly. The dosage is calculated the neurologist individually depending on age and a state, most often a course three days in three days. Drugs are accepted in the morning. Diacarbum and the Asparkam in this case work as complementary drugs. The potassium collapsing action by Diacarbum is filled with the Asparkam.

Side effects

Diacarbum – low-toxic drug. At use there can be a sonitus, paresthesias, spasms and is extremely rare, according to reviews of Diacarbum, – short-sightedness. At prolonged use of drug – a disorientation, dizziness, touch disturbance, drowsiness. In these cases it is impossible to manage motor transport and to perform the works connected from the increased concentration of attention.

Drug it is necessary to appoint more than 5 days in a row carefully because of increase in risk of development of a metabolic acidosis. Therefore at prolonged use it is necessary to control a pattern of peripheral blood, and also indicators of water and electrolytic and acid-base balance.

In some cases, according to reviews about Diacarbum, allergic reactions (an itch or urticaria), anorexia, muscular weakness can develop.

At the long use of drug – a passing hamaturia, a nephrolithiasis, a glucosuria, vomiting, nausea, diarrhea, hemolitic anemia, a leukopenia or an agranulocytosis.

At use of Diacarbum with theophylline and other diuretics it is necessary to consider that drug strengthens diuretic effect, and at simultaneous use with acid-forming diuretics – reduces. At use in complex therapy with the antiepileptic drugs Diacarbum strengthens manifestations of osteomalacy.

Cases of overdose or acute poisoning with drug are not described.

Periods of storage

Diacarbum is carried to list B drugs. A period of validity - 5 years.

Diacarbum analogs

Acetazoleamide does not have structural analogs of Diacarbum on active ingredient –-.