Gynecologist

The gynecologist – the specialist who is engaged in diagnosis, treatment and prevention of female diseases. The gynecologist studies diseases of female generative organs in various age categories and the periods of life of the woman. For example, the children's or teenage gynecologist, and at mature age – the ordinary gynecologist is engaged in problems of the nursery and age category.

Competence of the gynecologist includes diagnosis and delivery of health care at treatment of any gynecologic diseases, such as: the erosion of a neck of uterus, colpitises, inflammatory processes of a uterus and appendages, cystitis, condylomas, etc. Besides, on survey the gynecologist can prevent developing of this or that disease.

On survey the gynecologist can estimate a condition of an organism of the woman, diagnose and direct to treatment if there is a similar need. The gynecologist has to deal with issues of planning of a family and choose contraception methods, suitable for the woman. Generally, the gynecology not only is engaged in treatment of diseases which struck reproductive system of the woman, but also watches state of her health in general.

As at each patient the same disease can proceed differently, proceeding from a mental and physical condition, existence of diseases of other systems and bodies, to each patient the gynecologist has to have separate approach.

Diseases in which the gynecologist is engaged

• Malformations of generative organs;
• Amenorrhea;
• Injuries of generative organs;
• Vulvovaginitis;
• Juvenile uterine bleedings;
• Algodismenorey;
• Dysfunctional uterine bleedings;
• Disturbances of a menstrual cycle;
• Inflammatory diseases of the lower and upper parts of a genital tract;
• Syndrome after a total ovariektomiya;
• Neuroendocrinal syndromes (postgisterektomichesky, premenstrual syndrome);
• Candidiases (bacterial, vaginal);
• Genital herpes;
• Urogenital clamidiosis;
• Gonorrhea;
• Trichomoniasis;
• Endometriosis;
• Genital tuberculosis;
• Uterus pathologies;
• Infertility;
• Sterile marriage;
• Fistulas (enterogenital, urinogenital, genital);
• Problems of modern methods of contraception;
• Omission and falling of the vagina or uterus;
• Ovary apoplexy;
• Tumors of a uterus, uterine tube, endometria and ovaries;
• Diseases of a vagina and vulva.

When it is necessary to descend on survey to the gynecologist?

• If on reaching 15 years at the woman periods did not begin;
• It is without fail regular the woman whose mother during pregnancy accepted диэтилстилбестрол (nowadays prohibited medicine) has to address for consultation the gynecologist. Earlier this medicine was applied to prevention of premature births, and presently it is already proved what at daughters of the women taking medicine, probability to develop cancer of a neck of uterus or uterus increases;
• In case of the vaginal bleeding which is not falling on periods time;
• If the woman has very plentiful periods which last longer than 7-10 days;
• If the woman feels an itch, burning, an unusual smell, pains in the bottom of a stomach;
• If there was a periods delay;
• If the woman abstains from sex, and she had no two and more next periods;
• If the woman at an urination feels burning and pain;
• If in genitals unusual papillary growths, irritation, a roughness and an attrition in the field of vulvar lips are observed.

On consultation the gynecologist can direct the patient to delivery of the following analyses:

• Blood analyses: the hepatitis B-HBcAg Igm, candidiasis, syphilis, herpes, Ig to cor Ag (NS3, NS4)HCV;
• Scraping researches: candidiasis, herpes, a rubella, toxoplasmosis, hepatitis, циталомегавирус, a vaginosis, Trichomonas vaginalis, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Gardnerella vaginalis, Mycoplasma genitalium, Mycoplasma hominis, Ureaplasma parvum/Ureaplasma urealyticum, HPV HCR – genotyping, and also vaginal urethral and cervical swabbings on definition of flora (coloring across Romanovsky).

What main types of diagnoses are carried usually out by the gynecologist on survey?

• Female infertility;
• Inflammatory diseases of female generative organs (vaginitis, vulvitis, colpitis, vulvovaginitis, endometritis, cervicitis, etc.);
• Infectious diseases, sexually transmitted (trichomoniasis, bacterial vaginosis, genital herpes, clamidiosis, ureaplasmosis, mycoplasmosis, human papillomavirus infection);
• Pathologies of a neck of uterus, hysteromyoma, endometriosis;
• Disturbances of a menstrual cycle, menopausal syndrome, hypomenstrual and hyper menstrual syndromes.

In addition in competence of the gynecologist there are next researches:

• Hysteroscopy – diagnosis of diseases of a cavity of the uterus;
• Ultrasonography obstetric and gynecologic (vaginal sensor);
• Ultrasonic diagnosis of a mammary and thyroid gland, liver and kidneys;
• Gesterosalpinografiya – diagnosis of diseases of uterine tubes and a cavity of the uterus with intravenous anesthesia;
• Laparoscopy – operational or diagnostic;
• Diagnosis of diseases of a neck of uterus (biopsy, kolposkopiya, cytology).

Councils of the gynecologist

It is necessary to know that emergence of too early periods (up to 10 years) or too late (after 16 years) are an occasion to descend on survey to the gynecologist.

The regular menstrual cycle at the woman is established not at once, and approximately for a year after the beginning of periods. But even at an irregular sexual cycle the girl can become pregnant therefore will important be protected.

Normal duration of a menstrual cycle makes from 21 to 35 days. The cycle begins from the first day of periods and lasts till the first day of the following periods. Duration of periods has to make 3-7 days. If monthly last long too, very plentiful, or duration of a menstrual cycle does not keep within the above described norms, it is necessary to address for consultation the gynecologist as it can demonstrate disturbances in the sexual sphere.