Surgeon

The surgeon is a medical specialist who performs surgical treatment, performs operations, diagnostic and recovery procedures.

Хирург - врач, осуществляющий хирургическое лечение

Profession history

The first attempts of surgical intervention and treatment by means of operations were recorded in Ancient Greece, Egypt and China in the 1st century BC. The founder of medicine Hippocrates for the first time developed the doctrine about treatment of changes and injuries by means of operations.

The surgery got wide circulation in the 19th century, and in 20 became complex science with the developed methods and receptions.

Development of this science continues and now, the newest types of the surgical equipment, computer diagnosing, laser devices for carrying out operations, etc. appeared. The basis of science was formed by works of the famous scientists, including D. Simpson, V. Rentgen, N. Pirogov, etc.

The doctor the surgeon carries out surgical interventions, uses surgical methods and receptions, performs operation and controls the postoperative period.

Specifics of medical activity of the surgeon

To become the highly skilled surgeon it is necessary to get the higher medical education, to master new methods and technology of surgical treatment, and also to get wide practical experience of carrying out operations.

The doctor the surgeon has to own the basic principles of physical therapy, anesthesia, an asepsis, radiology, and also to have high knowledge of anatomy. This specialist uses surgical instruments and the equipment for treatment.

During operation the surgeon completely to direct process, gives instructions to assistants, the anesthesiologist and nurses. The result of operation and a condition of the patient directly depends on responsibility, competence and the correct decisions of the doctor of the surgeon.

Activity of the surgeon is divided into several categories and has severity. The nursery and an urgent surgery belong to the category of the increased risk.

The children's surgeon bears special responsibility, applies the special sparing methods of surgery and carefully selects anesthesia.

Reception of the surgeon and types of treatment

The surgeon carries out reception daily, conducts examination, prevention, treatment, hospitalization and rehabilitation of patients.

The surgeon in policlinic performs medical examination, keeps the medical record of the patient, and also defines need of operational intervention and appoints its date. The surgeon appoints operation only at emergency if other methods of treatment are unsuccessful.

The planned surgery means holding consecutive procedures of a preparation for surgery, and the emergency surgery is carried out quickly as there is a threat of life of the patient.

The surgeon in policlinic makes medical reports, holds sanitary and educational events.

Types of surgical intervention depend on a type of surgery. There is a specialized and general surgery. The specialized surgery is narrowly targeted area to which the microsurgery, endoscopic, laser, etc. belongs. In this area the surgeon performs operations on special technologies.

The traumatology, band and acute surgery concerns to the general.

The children's surgery is the independent direction which is engaged not only treatment of the acquired injuries and diseases, but also eliminates pathological and inherited disorders. The children's surgeon can perform operations to children right after the birth if there is a threat of their life and the emergency operational intervention is necessary.

Duties and professional qualities of the surgeon

The doctor the surgeon carries out medical activity according to the legislation of the Russian Federation on health care, sanitary and epidemiological standards. This specialist renders the qualified medical services, carries out recovery and rehabilitation procedures.

The surgeon has to be competent, tactful, highly ethic, attentive and accurate specialist. He is obliged to know fundamental and modern methods of prevention, diagnosing, treatment and rehabilitation, and also to own fundamentals of complex surgery, to be able to use surgical and other medical equipment, to keep documentation and to plan medical activity.

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