Enzyme immunoassay

The enzyme immunoassay is carried out when there are difficulties with diagnosis if the patient has a genetic predisposition to some diseases to estimate efficiency of treatment. The analysis reveals antigens and antibodies, characteristic of certain activators, to them. Reaction of interaction of antigen with a specific antibody as a result of which the complex incorporating the special tag changing coloring of the studied sample under the influence of reagent is formed is the cornerstone of an enzyme immunoassay of blood. Intensity of coloring gives the chance to judge existence of the antibodies or antigens characteristic of a certain infection, and already determine their quantity by the equipment.

Antigens call alien substances which cause immune defense reaction in an organism – specific proteins (immunoglobulins) are produced. For each activator there is the set of antigens, and reaction of immunity to them is also specific. The main material for the analysis is blood from a vein.

The enzyme immunoassay of blood gives the chance with high precision to reveal the latent diseases which are at an early stage, to inform the doctor on the general condition of the patient and on risks of development of pathologies, on a condition of reproductive health. Carry out the analysis for diagnosing of viral diseases: herpes, hepatitis, a cytomegalovirus, Epstein-Burra's virus etc., infections which are transmitted sexually: gonorrhoeas, ureaplasmas, a hlamidoza, mycoplasmas, trichomonads, syphilis, for definition of a hormonal background, diagnosis of cancer diseases and an immunodeficiency, identification and treatment of allergies.

For carrying out the analysis except blood it is possible to take also cerebrospinal fluid, amniotic waters, vitreous contents.

The analysis assumes use of group of ELI-tests:

• ELI-V - the test allowing to make the conclusion about a condition of immune system;
• ALES - Dia - the test defining a condition of endocrine system. With its help diagnose diabetes of the first and second types;
• ALES - the N-complex-12 informing on a state peripheral and central nervous systems;
• ALES - the Anchor - test 12, the analysis estimating the condition of heart and vessels giving an assessment of risk of development of a stroke, heart attack;
• ALES-Vistsero-16 do for assessment of the general condition of the patient. This test provides diagnosis on 16 indicators: intestines, nervous system, myocardium, kidneys, immune system, liver, stomach, etc.;
• ALES - the P-complex-12 do for assessment of reproductive ability of an organism;
• ELI-ZhKT-12 – the analysis estimating a condition of a GIT and giving the chance to provide risk of development of pathologies;
• ELI-HGCH-AFS the test, reveals disturbances of reproductive health.

Method of an enzyme immunoassay

In medical practice three methods of an enzyme immunoassay are most often applied: indirect, straight line and sendvich-type.

The indirect method of the analysis is that at its first stage on the polystyrene tablet antigen to which add a sample with antibodies, specific to it, is occluded. The complexes formed as a result of reaction are analyzed by means of the anti-specific antibodies containing a special tag.

The direct method of an enzyme immunoassay is based that the marked antibodies add to sorbed antigen at once.

The analysis of sendvich-type is similar in the principle of performance to an indirect method, but on the tablet antibodies, but not antigen are occluded.

Interpretation of an enzyme immunoassay

When the infection is primary, in blood find antibodies – class M immunoglobulins. Interpretation of an enzyme immunoassay in which there are data on these antibodies lets the attending physician know that it is necessary to carry out treatment.

If the enzyme immunoassay of blood or other biological liquid found immunoglobulin G, it means that the specific activator in an organism already was earlier, to it antibodies managed to be developed and treatment is not required. If the analysis showed existence of antibodies and a class M, and class G, so the chronic disease passed into an acute stage and demands treatment.

In interpretation of an enzyme immunoassay except the instruction on types of the found antibodies, there is information on their quantity therefore for more detailed explanations and appointment it is necessary to address the specialist who gave the direction on the analysis.