Potassium chloride

Potassium chloride – the drug used for completion of deficit of potassium in an organism.

Form of release and structure

Potassium chloride is produced in the following dosage forms:

• Concentrate for preparation of solution for infusions 30, 40, 75, 150 mg/ml (on 5, 10 ml in ampoules with a knife ampoule, on 5, 10 ampoules in planimetric or plastic strip packagings (pallets), on 1 or 2 packagings in a cardboard pack or on 5, 10 ampoules in a cardboard pack; on 100, 200 ml in bottles for blood and blood substitutes, on 1 bottle in a cardboard pack, on 28 or 35 packs in a cardboard box);
• Concentrate for preparation of solution for infusions and intake of 40 mg/ml (in polymeric ampoules on 5, 10 ml, on 5 or 10 ampoules in a cardboard pack);
• Solution for intravenous administration of 40 mg/ml (on 10 ml in ampoules with a knife ampoule, on 5 or 10 ampoules in plastic strip packagings (pallets), on 1 or 2 pallets in a cardboard pack);
• Solution for intravenous administration and intake of 40 mg/ml (on 10 ml in ampoules with a knife ampoule, on 5 or 10 ampoules in plastic strip packagings (pallets), on 1 or 2 pallets in a cardboard pack or on 10 ampoules in a cardboard pack).

Active agent is a part of 1 ml of a concentrate for preparation of solution for infusions: potassium chloride – 30, 40, 75, 150 mg.

The structure of 1 ml of a concentrate for preparation of solution for infusions and intake, solution for intravenous administration and solution for intravenous administration and intake includes active agent: potassium chloride – 40 mg.

Indications to use

• Hypopotassemia (including against the background of long vomiting and/or diarrhea, a diabetes mellitus, therapy by some diuretics, hypotensive medicines, glucocorticosteroids);
• Bouveret's disease, glikozidny intoxication (treatment and prevention);
• Ectopic arrhythmias at patients with a myocardial infarction in the period of an acute current (treatment and prevention).

Contraindications

• Total atrioventricular block;
• Hyperpotassemia;
• Chronic renal failure;
• Adrenal insufficiency;
• Metabolic disturbances (a hypovolemia with a hyponatremia, acidosis);
• Simultaneous use with kaliysberegayushchy diuretics;
• Age up to 18 years (safety and efficiency of use of drug for this age group of patients is not established);
• Hypersensitivity to drug components.

Potassium chloride is applied with care at AV conductivity disturbances.

Before purpose of Potassium of chloride pregnant women should estimate a ratio advantage/risk for health of mother and a fruit. In need of use of drug during breastfeeding it is necessary to resolve an issue of its termination.

Route of administration and dosage

Potassium chloride is entered intravenously struyno, in need cases – intravenously kapelno in combination with 5% dextrose solution.

Depending on indications drug is appointed:

• The hypopotassemia which is followed by disturbances of a cordial rhythm: 4-5 times a day on 1-1,5 g (the dose is reduced after recovery of a cordial rhythm);
• Glikozidny intoxication: on 2-3 g a day, in hard cases increase in a daily dose up to 5 g is possible;
• Attacks of a Bouveret's disease (stopping): in the first day of use – 8-12 g, reduce further a daily dose to 3-6 g;
• The heavy intoxications demanding bystry elimination of the pathological phenomena and also persistent vomiting: intravenous administration of solution of Potassium of chloride of 40 mg/ml in 40% glucose solution. 50 ml of solution should be parted with water for injections by 10 times (up to the volume of 500 ml) and to enter kapelno (20-30 drops a minute). Also the drug can be administered intravenously kapelno at the rate of 2,5 g in 500 ml of 5% of solution of a dextrose or 0,9% of solution of sodium of chloride;
• Ectopic arrhythmias at a myocardial infarction (treatment and prevention): apply the polarizing mix – chloride Potassium solution in 5-10% dextrose solution (with addition of insulin of short action, in calculation of 1 PIECE on 3-4 g of a dry dextrose).

Side effects

During performing therapy development of the following disturbances is possible:

• Cardiovascular system: arrhythmias, lowering of arterial pressure, blockade or cardiac standstill;
• Nervous system: muscular weakness, paresthesias, confusion of consciousness;
• Others: allergic reactions, hyperpotassemia.

Special instructions

During therapy it is necessary to control the electrocardiogram, the maintenance of potassium ions in blood serum, at treatment of a hypopotassemia – an acid-base state.

At observance of a diet with high content of sodium removal of potassium from an organism increases.

At use of Potassium of chloride it is necessary to consider that the hyperpotassemia leading to a lethal outcome can proceed asymptomatically and quickly develop.

Medicinal interaction

Potassium chloride pharmaceutical is compatible to solutions of cardiac glycosides (improves their portability).

At simultaneous use with beta adrenoblockers, cyclosporine, kaliysberegayushchy diuretics, heparin, inhibitors of an angiotensin-converting enzyme, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs strengthening of risk of development of a hyperpotassemia is possible.

Potassium chloride strengthens negative batmo-and dromotropic effect of antiarrhytmic drugs.

Terms and storage conditions

To store in the place, unavailable to children, at a temperature of 15-25 °C.

Period of validity:

• Concentrate for preparation of solution for infusions – 1 year;
• Solution for injections – 3 years.